Eukaryotic Transcription

Question 1

All three eukaryotic RNA polymerases contain – large subunits and – smaller subunits

Answer 1

2 large and 10-14 small

Question 2

transcribe precursor rRNA

Answer 2

RNA pol I

Question 3

transcribe mRNA and others

Answer 3

RNA pol II

Question 4

transcribes tRNA and rRNA

Answer 4

RNA pol III

Question 5

promoter regions contain a consensus sequence called

Answer 5

TATA box

Question 6

• TATA Box:

-Located at about – upstream of start site

Answer 6

-35 to -25 region

Question 7

TATA box is bound specifically by – of the TFIID complex

Answer 7

TATA box Binding Protein

Question 8

TATA box acts similar to a – to position RNA polymerase II for transcription initiation

Answer 8

prokaryotic promoter

Question 9

There are many proteins, –, that associate with the polymerase. They position polymerase molecules at transcription start sites and help to melt the DNA strands so that the template strand can enter the active site of the enzyme. Required for synthesis of RNA from most genes.

Answer 9

general transcription factors (GTF)

Question 10

GTF + RNA pol II =

Answer 10

transcription preinitiation complex

Question 11

TBP is a monomeric protein that is highly conserved between species ( – identical between yeast & humans in the conserved domain).

Answer 11

80%

Question 12

TBP Has many – that

line up and fit in the minor groove of DNA, bending the DNA structure.

Answer 12

beta sheets

Question 13

In prokaryotes, – causes the DNA to bend while in Eukaryotes, TBP is responsible.

Answer 13

RNA Pol

Question 14

TBP (TATA-box binding protein) – to the TATA box.

Answer 14

recognizes and binds

Question 15

TBP is a subunit of TFIID (transcription factor), which is also composed of about 11

Answer 15

TAF (TBP associated factors

Question 16

Once TBP has bound to the TATA box, – can bind

Answer 16

TFIIB

Question 17

• Binding of TFIIB positions a – to bind to the start site.

Answer 17

preformed PolII-TFIIF complex

Question 18

– is the C-terminal domain of a subunit of RNA Pol II.

Answer 18

CTD

Question 19

TFIIF recruits

Answer 19

TFIIE

Question 20

TFIIE recruits

Answer 20

TFIIH

Question 21

Once TFIIE & TFIIH binds, the preinitiation complex formation is complete and Pol II becomes –.

Answer 21

active

Question 22

TFIIH is a multisubunit protein complex that has
– – : unwinds, separates, DNA for Pol II using ATP
– – activity: it phosphorylates CTD of Pol II

Answer 22

helicase and kinase

Question 23

The active form of Pol II is phosphorylated (by TFIIH) at its –

Answer 23

CTD

Question 24

With the start of transcription, – remains bound to the TATA box while the other GTF dissociate and are released.

Answer 24

TFIID

Question 25

– serves as a trigger

to release polymerase from GTFs.

Answer 25

Phosphorylation

Question 26

In addition, phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II CTD allows – to assemble on its tail

Answer 26

RNA-processing

protein

Question 27

The carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) contains – that are repeated multiple times

Answer 27

7 aa

Question 28

Consensus sequence of CTD:

Answer 28

Tyr-Ser-Pro-Thr-Ser-Pro-Ser

Question 29

CTD yeast

Answer 29

27 repeats

Question 30

CTD humans

Answer 30

52 repeats

Question 31

The CTD is critical for –, and at least 10 copies of the repeat
must be present for yeast to survive.

Answer 31

viability

Question 32

Many Ser and Tyr residues are modified by phosphorylation, especially the –

Answer 32

5th Ser