Ètre et Avoir

Question 1

When to use être?

Answer 1

1.) To be 2.) Être is often followed by an expression of location or a descriptive adjective -Marianne est à la campagne (Marianne is in the country) 3.) When a form of ètre is followed by an adjective, the adjective agrees with the subject of the sentence in gender and number -Les roses rouges sont belles

Question 2

What happens to definite and indefinite articles when you use être?

Answer 2

The definite and indefinite articles are omitted -Je suis dentiste -Elles sont protestantes? -Chantal est sénégalaise

Question 3

Examples of être in ownership

Answer 3

With nouns that are modified (accompanied by an adjective or other descriptor), use the indefinite subject pronoun ce (c’est…/ce sont…). With c’est and ce sont, articles or possessive adjectives are always used before a noun. At times, the context will identify the person. -C’est un professeur d’histoire (He’s/She’s a history teacher) -Ce sont mes amies françaises (These/Those are my French friends) -C’est le médecin de mon fils (He’s/She’s/That’s my son’s doctor

Question 4

When you use c’est or ce sont to describe nationalites what must you include?

Answer 4

You must include the article and capitalize the noun of nationality -Voici Bill. C’est un Américain. (Here’s Bill. He’s an American) -Ce sont des Suisses, de Lausanne. (They’re Swiss, from Lausanne)

Question 5

How to do negative and what happens with the indefinite article of following noun?

Answer 5

Ne…pas is added and the. Indefinite articles un/une/des become de/d’ after negation. Definite articles le/la/les is always retained after ne…pas. -Marlène n’a pas de bicyclette, et je n’ai pas de voiture -Nous n’avons pas de bagages

Question 6

How to say -There is… -There are…

Answer 6

Il y a (there is, there are) points out people, ideas, or objects. Il y a is invariable (does not change) in the plural. -Il y a des problèmes dans ce document (There are problems in this document) -Il y a un médecin dans la salle? (Is there a doctor in the room?)

Question 7

The negative version of there is/there are

Answer 7

The negative of il y a is il n’y a pas de/d’, followed by a singular or plural noun -Il n’y a pas d’arbres dans mon jardin (There aren’t any trees in my garden) -Il n’y a pas de restaurant ouvert? (Isn’t there an open restaurant?)

Question 8

Expressions that use avoir?

Answer 8

Many ideas conveyed with expression using avoir relate to feelings or sensations.

Question 9

To be…years old

Answer 9

avoir…ans

Question 10

To be warm, hot

Answer 10

Avoir chaud

Question 11

To be cold

Answer 11

Avoir froid

Question 12

To be hungary

Answer 12

Avoir faim

Question 13

To be thirsty

Answer 13

Avoir soif

Question 14

To be sleepy

Answer 14

Avoir sommeil

Question 15

To feel like

Answer 15

Avoir envie de

Question 16

To need to

Answer 16

Avoir besoin de

Question 17

To be afraid of

Answer 17

Avoir peur

Question 18

To be ashamed of

Answer 18

Avoir honte (de)

Question 19

To have a pain, an ache

Answer 19

Avoir mal (à)

Question 20

To be right

Answer 20

Avoir raison

Question 21

To be wrong

Answer 21

Avoir tort

Question 22

To seem

Answer 22

Avoir l’are (de)

Question 23

To be accustomed, used to

Answer 23

Avoir l’habitude de

Question 24

To be lucky

Answer 24

Avoir de la chance

Question 25

To take place (an event)

Answer 25

Avoir lieu

Question 26

How old are you?

Answer 26

Quel âge avez-vous? Or Quel âge as-tu?

Question 27

How to describe physical characterisitics?

Answer 27

Describe physical characteristics, such as hair and eye color, with avoir 􏰀 definite article (le/la/les/) 􏰀 part of the body.

1. Ma mère a les yeux bleus. (My mother has blue eyes)
2. Ginette a les cheveux noirs. (Ginette has black hair)
3. Lui, il a le front large. (He has a broad forehead)

Question 28

How to say something hurts?

Answer 28

Say that something hurts by using avoir mal à 􏰀 le/la/l’ 􏰀 part of the body. Use un mal de… to mean a pain or ache.

1. J’ai mal à la tête. (I have a headache)
2. Il a mal à l’estomac? Ce sont les bonbons… (He has a stomachache? It’s the candy…)
3. Après une journée au clavier, elle a mal aux mains. (After a day at the keyboards, her hands hurt.)
4. Je souffre de maux de tête fréquents. (I suffer from frequent headaches)