Ethnic minorities in the ND (T3) Flashcards
How much of an impact did the New Deal have on ethnic minorities?
Very little, except for Native Americans whose culture was recognised
How did the ND recognise the Native Americans culture?
Their culture and values were recognised by the Indian Reorganisation Act (1934)
What did the Indian Reorganisation Act outline?
It encouraged a shift from assimilation (fitting in) to self governing bodies that could adopt their own constitutions, including their own police and legal systems
How much of an impact did the Indian Reorganisation Act have on the economic status of Native Americans?
Very little to relieve them of poverty
Officials did their best to ensure Native Americans took advantage of public work schemes but this had very limited impact on responding level of poverty
What happened in the 1940s as the New Deal began to come to an end?
Pressure groups were set up to promote their development but often remained among the poorest people in the USA
Why did the New Deal include no civil rights measures?
Roosevelt was dependent on the vote of Southern Democrats, but they were racist and would not have supported any of these measures
Who did the depression seem to have hit the worst?
Black Americans - they tended to be the last hired and first fired
How did Black Americans suffer as a result of the Depression?
- Many of the menial jobs they had previously held were reserved for white Americans
- The NRA codes allowed for black workers to be paid less than whites
- Black Americans who joined the CCC faced strict segregation - was run by a Southern racist
- Roosevelt –> little to support 2 anti-lynching bills in 1934 and 1937
What was the most significant change in the behaviour of African Americans after the depression?
Their voting behaviour
Black Americans were able to vote in the North
After the depression, what % of Black Americans could vote in the South compared to the North?
South - 5%
Noth - all could vote
Which party had Black Americans traditionally voted for before the ND?
They had historically voted Republican as this had been the side that had fought for the abolition of slavery during the Civil War
How did who Black Americans vote for change after the depression?
More African Americans began voting for Roosevelt and the Democrats
How did the voting for Roosevelt change for Black Americans 1932-1940?
1932: Roosevelt won 4 of 15 black American voting wards
1936: Roosevelt won 9 of the 15
1940: All 15
What % of Black Americans voted Roosevelt for president in Harlem?
85%
What % of Black Americans intended to vote for Roosevelt before the 1936 election?
76%
