Ethics , Privacy, Legal Flashcards
The HITECH Act …
Authorizes the Office of the National Coordinator’s work on health IT.
HITECH established ONC in law, and does have provisions addressing privacy and security. It is part of ARRA. Health insurance coverage was addressed later. A good reference is http://www.healthit.gov/policy-researchers-implementers/health-it-legislation-and-regulations.
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
The concept of Total Cost of Ownership includes all of the following except:
Select one:
a.
Migration from the older system to the new system
b.
What a customer is willing to pay for a service supported by technology
c.
The cost of decommissioning a system
d.
Diminished performance due to installation of a system
What a customer is willing to pay for a service supported by technology
Total cost of ownership pertains to cost to the organization but not to revenue.
The largest category of hospital expenses for most organizations is
Select one:
a.
Provision for uncollectable accounts
b.
Salaries and benefits
c.
Pharmaceuticals
d.
Non-pharmaceutical supplies
Correct. Salaries and benefits are almost always the largest component of expenses.
Who is not legally entitled to view Alice’s health information?
Select one:
a.
A health insurance coverage analyst.
b.
A reporter covering an accident in a public place, without Alice’s permission
c.
A consultant asked to give advice on her care.
d.
The nurse giving her an injection in her clinic
A reporter covering an accident in a public place, without Alice’s permission
This is taken from Figure 3.1 from the National Academy Press book, “For the Record,” which is available without cost to view in PDF format. Other good resources are http://www.hhs.gov, Right to Access Medical Records and http://www.rcfp.org, “Reporter’s Guide to Medical Privacy Law.”
A software defect causes some patient records in the EMR to become corrupted and inaccessible for 7 days. This creates a problem in
Select one:
a.
Software reliability
b.
Security
c.
Both Security and Software reliability
d.
Confidentiality
Both Security and Software reliability
The concept of non-repudiation means:
Select one:
a.
A person’s constitutional protection against self-incrimination.
b.
A clinician can’t deny they entered a note with their electronic signature.
c.
Use of a password that is unlikely to be guessed.
d.
Protection in quality improvement meetings from discovery of what is discussed.
A clinician can’t deny they entered a note with their electronic signature
. In electronic commerce, the term means “Non-repudiation protects a sender against the false asertion of the receiver that the message has not been received, and a receiver against the false assertion of the sender that the message has been sent.” In electronic medical records, the term means that the use of the electronic signature and the policies surrounding it mean that if someone electronically signs a note, they wrote it.
Your health system plans a project to implement 2-factor authentication for access to your EHR. Estimates are this project will cost $10 million. This will involve creating and distributing badges to all clinicians and purchasing badge readers on all workstations used to access the EHR. You will need to license software and contract with a consultant to implement the technical and workflow changes needed to go-live within 12 months. In preparing the project budget, which of the following best describes how you divide between capital and operational budget categories?
Select one:
a.
You should follow your organization’s budgeting rules to determine how to divide the budget.
b.
As sponsor for this project you can divide the budget between these 2 categories as you see fit.
c.
Initiatives that will be used in day-to-day care belong in the operational budget.
d.
Since this is an implementation project, the budget belongs in capital.
You should follow your organization’s budgeting rules to determine how to divide the budget.
In the United States, which was the basis for protection of human subjects of research?
Select one:
a.
Belmont Report
b.
Code of Fair Information Practice
c.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
d.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
Correct. The Belmont Report of 1979 stressed respect for persons, beneficence (do not harm and maximize benefits) and justice, and was embodied in the Common Rule published in 1991
The following are true of managerial accounting but not financial accounting, except
Select one:
a.
Focused on needs of organizational manager
b.
Directed toward internal rather than external needs
c.
Focused on segments of the organization rather than the whole.
d.
Governed by generally accepted accounting principles
Governed by generally accepted accounting principles
Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) refer to the standard framework of guidelines for financial accounting used in any given jurisdiction (Wikipedia). Since managerial accounting is focused internally rather than externally, use of this standard framework is not required.
True or false: Cash flow is another term for profit
False. A sale may contribute to profit for the year, but may not result in cash till the next year.
Expenses for supplies, electrical power, staff salaries, and maintenance
Select one:
a.
Usually are lower than capital costs over the life of a system.
b.
Are typically equally divided between capital and operating budgets
c.
Can be considered operational or capital expenses at the sole discretion of the organization.
d.
Are usually considered operational expenses
Are usually considered operational expenses
Organizations usually have rules to divide expenses between operational and capital expenses. Sometimes these rules are required by external organizations who may provide financial support to the organization. Over the long-term, operational expenses may be higher than capital expenses.
