Ethics Flashcards
Duty to Warn - Originated
Tarasoff - CA supreme case
Privileged communication is set by…
State Law
6 Foundational Principles
1: Autonomy
2: Justice
3: Fidelity
4: Veracity
5: Beneficence
6: Maleficence
Examples of specialty certifications…
CCMHC: Certified Clinical
NCSC: School Counselor
Justice
Treat all members fairly
Beneficence
Working towards the good of the client or group
Maleficence
Non maleficence: Do no harm
Defamation
Harm one’s reputation
State Laws govern
Licensing
National govern
Accreditation - Programs
CACREP Accreditation Date
January 1, 2022 - Need to graduate from CACREP in order to apply for NCC
CACREP Accreditation Date
January 1, 2022 - Need to graduate from CACREP in order to apply for NCC
Better if moving between states
Privileged Communication
Client can choose whether information can be shared in court
Varies state to state
Formation of the ACA..
Pushed by American Counselor Education and Supervision
First: APGA
Then: AACD
1992: ACA to reflect what counselors actually do
Buckley Amendment - FERPA
Parent can see child’s middle school record
18 year old can view their educational record
CRC
Certified Rehabilitation Counselor
Example: Orthopedic Disability
Abandonment
Counselor closes business without referring out
NCC Recertification
every 5 years
retake test or 100 CEUs
Paradoxical Interventions
Client is told to exaggerate a symptom
Contraindicated in cases with homicidal or suicidal clients
Bartering is allowed if
Client requests it:
written contract needed
no harm
relationship is not exploitative
CPT Code
Current Procedural Terminology
Required for health insurance billing
Length of session
Type of treatment modality
Codes required for health insurance…
CPT
ICD
Superbill
Verifies the nature of the counselor-client interaction
Client Centered Consultation*
Consulting, ultimate goal is to help the client.
For example, supervisor suggests a treatment plan for your client
Program-Centered Consultation*
Focus on creating, evaluating a program.
Four Types of Mental Health Consultation
Proposed by Gerald Caplan
Client Centered
Consultee Centered
Consultee Admin Centered
Program Centered
Doctor-Patient Consultation Model*
Schein
Stages:
- Entry
- Diagnosis
- Implementation
- Evaluation
Consultants can focus on:
- Process
- Content
Ethical Self-Disclosure
Excessive self-disclosure on the part of the counselor is malpractice. If it does not help the client and intended to help the counselor, then it is inappropriate.
Ethical Self-Disclosure*
Excessive self-disclosure on the part of the counselor is malpractice. If it does not help the client and intended to help the counselor, then it is inappropriate.
First counselors in the US were…
deans and advisors employed after the Civil War in college settings to watch over young women
Wilhelm Wundt
1879
First psychology laboratory
Frank Parsons
Father of Guidance
Some state that profession of counseling officially began when he founded the Vocational Guidance Bureau of Boston and published “Choosing a Vocation”
Proctor, Ross and Wrenn
Popularized the use of the word “counseling” after writing the book “Workbook in Vocations”
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
All children 5-21 are assured free education
Handicapped persons are placed in least restrictive environment
Individualized Education Plan is developed for each child
The major trend that impacted counseling movement…
1980’s: emphasis on professionalism, certification and licensing
The era of 1950’s saw a large development in..
developmental psychology
The era of 1960’s saw a movement in…
group work
1958 National Defense Education Act
Pilot programs developed as a result of the funding:
- Financial aid for graduate counseling programs
- Expanded school guidance services
- Improved guidance for gifted children
