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History > Ethical Systems > Flashcards

Ethical Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

Confucianism- how to reach/maintain harmony

A
  • Based on 5 basic relationships
  • Filial piety- respect for parents and elders
  • Follow rituals, have virtue to ensure social order
  • Live in harmony with other people
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2
Q

Daoism- how to reach/maintain harmony

A
  • Goal of life: to achieve harmony with the natural order
  • Natural order is more important than the social order
  • Humans should live simply and in harmony with nature
  • Become one with the Tao
  • Let “the way” guide you
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3
Q

Buddhism- how to reach/maintain harmony

A
  • Follow the Eightfold Path to reach nirvana
  • The Four Noble Truths
  • Enlightenment
  • Live in harmony with your mind- peace/create your own happiness
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4
Q

Confucianism- feelings about government

A
  • Follow same virtues- lead by virtue
  • Everyone has their roles to play- government is the most important role
  • Goodness spreads
  • Working for government = successful
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5
Q

Daoism- feelings about government

A

Against government- teaches the wrong way to live

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6
Q

Buddhism- feelings about government

A

Rejects the caste system

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7
Q

Confucianism- founder

A

Confucius

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8
Q

Daoism- founder

A

Laozi (Lao Tsu)

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9
Q

Buddhism- founder

A

Siddhartha

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10
Q

Confucianism- education and learning (steps to success)

A
  • Pass civil service exam

* Education is the way to become a gentlemen and to bring honor to your family

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11
Q

Daoism- education and learning (steps to success)

A
  • Become one with nature
  • Don’t try, just do
  • Don’t overdo something
  • Act spontaneously
  • Don’t strive to become anything- just be
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12
Q

Buddiusm- education and learning (steps to success)

A
  • Accept the Four Noble Truths
  • Follow the Eightfold Path
  • Live life in moderation
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13
Q

Daoism- book

A

Tao (Dao) te Ching

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14
Q

Confucianism- book

A

Confucian Analects

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15
Q

How did Confucianism apply to Chinese government?

A
  • Social class distinctions because harmony is based on the balance of different roles
  • People should behave according to their role (gender, class, age, etc) or else chaos
  • Ability determines social standing (talented=advance in society)
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16
Q

How to become one with the Tao?

A
  • Learn the ways of the natural world
  • Shape actions to emulate nature
  • Reject Confucian idea of social rules
  • Accept that a universal force guides all things
  • Let nature be ultimate teacher
  • Do not try to describe the Tao- just experience it
17
Q

Confucianism- men vs women

A
  • Men superior
  • Women good for marriage and continuing family
  • Men responsible for honor ancestors- rituals/sacrifices
18
Q

Daoism- men vs women

A
  • Yin=women
  • Yang=men
  • Men/women are different but they are equal/ balanced - harmony is crucial
19
Q

Buddhism- men vs women

A
  • Reluctantly accepted women- they were distracting

* No big differences between them

20
Q

Confucianism- terms/concepts/words

A
  • Filial piety
  • 5 fundamental relationships
  • Bureaucracy (highly educated group in government)
  • Virtue
21
Q

Daoism- terms/concepts/words

A
  • The Dao= the way
  • Yin/Yang
  • Nature
  • Meditate/observe nature
  • The art of doing nothing
22
Q

Buddhism- terms/concepts/words

A
  • Enlightenment
  • Four Noble Truths
  • Nirvana
  • Eightfold Path / Middle Way
  • Meditate
  • Karma, reincarnation
  • Dharma

History (17 decks)

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