Ethanol Flashcards
1
Q
Chemical formula for ethanol
A
C2H5OH
2
Q
Conditions for hydration of ethene
A
- 60-70 atmospheres
- 250-350°C
- phosphoric acid as a catalyst
3
Q
Describe the process of hydration of ethene
A
- it is a continuous process
- Ethene and steam is fed in at one end and moves over phosphoric acid and ethanol comes out the other
4
Q
Positives of hydration of ethene
A
- Unreacted ethene is recycled
- constant process
- pure ethanol comes out
- quick process
5
Q
Negatives of hydration of ethene
A
- uses a lot of energy
- ethene is non-renewable as it comes from crude oil
6
Q
Conditions needed for fermentation
A
- reactants = yeast and sugar
- 30-40°C
- anaerobic, in a closed vessel- enzymes present
7
Q
Describe fermentation
A
- large sugar molecules (sucrose) are broken down into glucose and fructose
- Enzymes in the yeast break the glucose into ethanol and CO2
8
Q
Positives of fermentation
A
- sugar is a renewable resource
- uses little energy
9
Q
Negative’s of fermentation
A
- not pure ethanol is produced, it needs to be purified by fractional distillation
- batch process
- takes 20-60 hours to ferment
10
Q
Describe the hydration of ethanol to form ethene
A
- ethanol is passed over a hit aluminium oxide catalyst
