Essentials Of Virology II

Question 1

What is the abbreviation for single-stranded RNA?

Answer 1

ssRNA

Question 2

What is the abbreviation for double-stranded RNA?

Answer 2

dsRNA

Question 3

What is the abbreviation for single-stranded DNA?

Answer 3

ssDNA

Question 4

What is the abbreviation for double-stranded DNA?

Answer 4

dsDNA

Question 5

What does ‘RNA genomes can be linear and segmented’ mean?

Answer 5

More than one RNA per capsid

Question 6

Are DNA genomes linear or circular?

Answer 6

Can be either

Question 7

Are viral genomes all positive or negative sense?

Answer 7

No, they can be either

Question 8

What enzyme replicates DNA?

Answer 8

DNA polymerase

Question 9

What enzyme transcribes DNA?

Answer 9

RNA polymerase

Question 10

Where is RNA translated?

Answer 10

Ribosome

Question 11

What happens in a simple spores genome replication?

Answer 11

Just replicates and makes proteins

Question 12

What is positive sense RNA?

Answer 12

RNA that can code the genes from 5’->3’ end so the RNA polymerase can read it

Question 13

What is negative sense RNA?

Answer 13

RNA that codes genes from 3’->5’ end. The RNA polymerase then reads the RNA and makes a complimentary strand in the opposite direction

Question 14

Which type of viruses subverts the central dogma?

Answer 14

Retroviruses

Question 15

What is the subverted central dogma mediated by?

Answer 15

Reverse transcriptase

Question 16

What is the Baltimore classification?

Answer 16

Genomes classified depending on what their genetic material looks like

Question 17

What are polymerase proteins?

Answer 17

Enzymes that are involved in the catalysis of nucelotides to nucleic acids

Question 18

How do polymerase proteins interact with the nucleic acid?

Answer 18

In protein-nucleic acid interactions

Question 19

What are structural proteins?

Answer 19

Proteins that form the capsid into which the nucleus is packaged

Question 20

How do proteins interact with one another?

Answer 20

In protein-protein interactions

Question 21

What is pathogenesis?

Answer 21

The disease that results from the intracellular environment changing to facilitate viral replication

Question 22

How do viruses cause cancer?

Answer 22

By subverting the cell cycle checking points

Question 23

What do E6 and E7 in HPV do?

Answer 23

Remove the checkpoints from the cell cycle

Question 24

How do some viruses evade the immune system?

Answer 24

They replicate inside the immune cells

Question 25

What does inhibition of immune cell function allow?

Answer 25

Other pathogens to replicate in virus infected hosts and thus, disease occurs

Question 26

How does HIV cause cancer?

Answer 26

Not directly- just stops the immune response attacking other viruses that will cause cancer