Essentials Of Virology II Flashcards
What is the abbreviation for single-stranded RNA?
ssRNA
What is the abbreviation for double-stranded RNA?
dsRNA
What is the abbreviation for single-stranded DNA?
ssDNA
What is the abbreviation for double-stranded DNA?
dsDNA
What does ‘RNA genomes can be linear and segmented’ mean?
More than one RNA per capsid
Are DNA genomes linear or circular?
Can be either
Are viral genomes all positive or negative sense?
No, they can be either
What enzyme replicates DNA?
DNA polymerase
What enzyme transcribes DNA?
RNA polymerase
Where is RNA translated?
Ribosome
What happens in a simple spores genome replication?
Just replicates and makes proteins
What is positive sense RNA?
RNA that can code the genes from 5’->3’ end so the RNA polymerase can read it
What is negative sense RNA?
RNA that codes genes from 3’->5’ end. The RNA polymerase then reads the RNA and makes a complimentary strand in the opposite direction
Which type of viruses subverts the central dogma?
Retroviruses
What is the subverted central dogma mediated by?
Reverse transcriptase
What is the Baltimore classification?
Genomes classified depending on what their genetic material looks like
What are polymerase proteins?
Enzymes that are involved in the catalysis of nucelotides to nucleic acids
How do polymerase proteins interact with the nucleic acid?
In protein-nucleic acid interactions
What are structural proteins?
Proteins that form the capsid into which the nucleus is packaged
How do proteins interact with one another?
In protein-protein interactions
What is pathogenesis?
The disease that results from the intracellular environment changing to facilitate viral replication
How do viruses cause cancer?
By subverting the cell cycle checking points
What do E6 and E7 in HPV do?
Remove the checkpoints from the cell cycle
How do some viruses evade the immune system?
They replicate inside the immune cells
What does inhibition of immune cell function allow?
Other pathogens to replicate in virus infected hosts and thus, disease occurs
How does HIV cause cancer?
Not directly- just stops the immune response attacking other viruses that will cause cancer
