Essential Fatty Acids

Question 1

Omega 3s

Answer 1

• α-linolenic acid (ALA) essential in the diet.
• Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).
• Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

Question 2

Omega 6s

Answer 2

• Linoleic acid (LA) essential in the diet.
• Gamma linolenic acid (GLA).
• Arachidonic acid (AA).

Question 3

Omega 3: Food Sources

Answer 3

ALA: flax seeds, walnuts, green leafy vegetables.

EPA & DHA oily fish.

Question 4

Omega 6: Food Sources

Answer 4

LA: vegetable oils, most nuts & seeds.
GLA: borage oil, evening primrose oil.
AA: meat, dairy and eggs.

Question 5

Functions of EFAs

Answer 5

• Fluidity and structure of cell membranes.
• Synthesis of prostaglandins hormone-like substances responsible for many functions at cellular level and regulating body processes.
• Regulate oxygen use, electron transportation and energy production.
• Help to form haemoglobin.
• Support the production of digestive enzymes .
• Help make the lubricants for joints.
• Help transport cholesterol in the blood.
• Help generate electric currents and keep the heart rate regular.
• Needed by the tissues of the brain, retina, adrenal glands and testes .
• Help balance the immune system and prevent allergies.
• Ensure proper nerve transmission especially in the brain.