ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS

Question 1

Chromium

Answer 1

fxn – enhances insulin action for glucose and lipid metabolism.
def. – insulin resistance impaired glucose tolerance

Question 2

Cobalt

Answer 2

fxn – hemoglobin synthesis, component of vitamin B12
def. – anemia, growth depression
toxicity – heart failure and hypothyroidism

Question 3

Copper

Answer 3

fxn – cellular respiration and collagen synthesis
def. – menke’s kinky hair syndrome, muscle weakness
toxicity – interferes with absorption of iron and zinc.

Question 4

Fluorine

Answer 4

fxn – prevents dental caries (decay)

def. – dental caries (decay)

Question 5

Iodine

Answer 5

fxn – thyroid hormone synthesis

def. – goiter, cretinism, myxedema

Question 6

Iron

Answer 6

fxn – oxygen transport component of hemoglobin

def. – anemia

Question 7

Manganese

Answer 7

fxn – bone and connective tissue functions

def. – skeletal defects

Question 8

Molybdenum

Answer 8

fxn – DNA metabolism

def. – growth depression, cretinism, goiter
t. – anemia, thyrotoxicosis

Question 9

Selenium

Answer 9

fxn – prevents oxidative damage of lipid

def. – Keshan Disease
t. – hair and nail loss, liver failure

Question 10

Zinc

Answer 10

fxn – protein synthesis
def. – acrodermatitis enteropathica, growth retardation, immune deficiency, infertility, delayed wound healing, osteoporosis
T. – gastro intestinal irritation