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Human Anatomy and Physiology with Pathophysiology > Chapter 7: Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

bones, skeletal, and joints

A

musculoskeletal system

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2
Q

branch of medicine

A

orthopedics

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3
Q

206 Bones

A

Adult Bones

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4
Q

80 bones

A

axial skeleton

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5
Q

126 bones

A

appendicular skeleton

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6
Q

length, extremities

A

long bones

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7
Q

absorbs stress

A

curve bones

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8
Q

long bones, diaphyses, spongy

A

compact bones

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9
Q

cube shaped, spongy

A

short bones

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10
Q

thin, parallel plates

A

flat bones

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11
Q

complex, ungrouped

A

irregular bones

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12
Q

tendons

A

sesamoid bones

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13
Q

structural features, present in adult

A

surface markings

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14
Q

Narrow slit

A

fissure

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15
Q

ligament pass

A

foramen

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16
Q

shallow depression

A

fossa

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17
Q

furrow

A

sulcus

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18
Q

tubelike

A

meatus

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19
Q

protuberance

A

condyle

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20
Q

slightly concave and convex

A

facet

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21
Q

articular, neck

A

head

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22
Q

prominent ridge

A

crest

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23
Q

roughened projection

A

epicondyle

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24
Q

narrow ridge

A

line

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25
Q

sharp, slender

A

spinous process

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26
Q

large projections

A

trochanter

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27
Q

variably size rounded projection

A

tubercle

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28
Q

variable size, rough and bumpy

A

tuberosity

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29
Q

bony framework, 22 bones

A

Skull

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30
Q

closes and protects 🧠, STEP OF

A

cranial bones

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31
Q

My Mouth’s Palate Never Liked Zucchini In Vinegar

A

facial bone

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32
Q

forehead, orbits

A

frontal bone

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33
Q

age 6 to 12

A

metopic suture

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34
Q

scale-like

A

frontal squama

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35
Q

superior margin

A

supraorbital margin

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36
Q

medial, artery & vein

A

supraorbital notch or foramen

37
Q

frontal squama

A

frontal sinuses

38
Q

2 Type of Parietal Bone

A

Parietal Bone; Greater portions of the side and Roof of the Cranial Cavity

39
Q

Cranium, Protect

A

Temporal Bones

40
Q

long arched process

A

Zygomatic process

41
Q

Concave articular, interacts

A

mandibular fossa

42
Q

eminence mandibular

A

articular tubercle

43
Q

posterior of temporal bones

A

mastoid portion

44
Q

communicate, ear

A

Mastoid Air Cells

45
Q

inflammation, ear

A

mastoiditis

46
Q

cone-shaped

A

Mastoid process

47
Q

opening of (VII) & (VIII)

A

internal auditory meatus

48
Q

attachment, tongue and neck

A

styloid process

49
Q

triangular, hearing

A

petrous process

50
Q

CRANIUM

A

Occipital Bone

51
Q

largest foramen, cranial fossa

A

foramen magnum

52
Q

oval/convex, yes

A

occipital condyle

53
Q

occipital medial, nerves

A

hypoglossal canal

54
Q
  • the most prominent midline projection on the posterior surface of the bone just above the foramen magnum
A

external occipital protuberance

55
Q
  • lies at the middle part of the base of the skull

- This is also called the keystone of the cranial floor

A

sphenoid bone

56
Q
  • a bony saddle-shaped structure on the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid
A

sella turcica

57
Q
  • The anterior part of the sella turcica, which forms the horn of the saddle, is a ridge
A

tuberculum sellae

58
Q
  • The seat of the saddle is a depression
  • contains the pituitary gland. The posterior part of the sella turcica, which forms the back of the saddle, is another ridge called the dorsum sellae
A

hypophyseal fossa

59
Q
  • project laterally from the body and form the anterolateral floor of the cranium
A

greater wings of the sphenoid bone

60
Q
  • which are smaller, form a ridge of bone anterior and superior to the greater wings.
  • Forms the floor of the cranium and posterior orbit of the eye
A

lesser wings of the sphenoid bone

61
Q
  • through which the optic (II) nerve and ophthalmic artery pass into the orbit.
A

optic foramen or canal

62
Q
  • This fissure may also be seen in the anterior view of the orbit
  • Blood vessels and cranial nerves pass through this fissure.
A

supraorbital fissure

63
Q
  • project inferiorly from the points where the body and greater wings of the sphenoid bone unite
A

pterygoid process

64
Q
  • At the base of the lateral pterygoid process in the greater wing
A

foramen ovale

65
Q
  • covered in part by a layer of fibrocartilage in living subjects
  • It transmits a branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery
A

foramen lacerum

66
Q
  • The maxillary branch of the trigeminal (V) nerve passes through the foramen rotundum.
  • Anterior and medial parts of the sphenoid
A

foramen rotundum

67
Q
  • a delicate bone located in the anterior part of the cranial floor medial to the orbits and is spongelike in appearance
A

ethmoid bone

68
Q
  • a partition that divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides
A

nasal septum

69
Q
  • anterior floor of the cranium and forms the roof of the nasal cavity
  • The cribriform plate contains the olfactory foramina through which the olfactory nerves pass.
A

cribriform plate

70
Q
  • which serves as a point of attachment for the falx cerebri, the membrane that separates the two sides of the brain.
  • Triangular process
A

crista galli

71
Q
  • which forms the superior portion of the nasal septum
A

perpendicular plate

72
Q
  • ethmoid bone compose most of the wall between the nasal cavity and the orbits
  • contain 3 to 18 air spaces called ethmoidal cells
  • two scroll like shaped
A

lateral masses

73
Q
  • small, flattened, rectangular-shaped bones that form the bridge of the nose
  • These small bones protect the upper entry to the nasal cavity and provide attachment for a couple of thin muscles of facial expression
A

nasal bone

74
Q
  • are thin and roughly resemble a fingernail in size and shape
  • These bones, the smallest bones of the face, are posterior and lateral to the nasal bones and form a part of the medial wall
A

lacrimal bone

75
Q
  • Two L-shaped
  • form the posterior portion of the hard palate, part of the floor and lateral wall of the nasal cavity, and a small portion of the floors of the orbits
A

palatine bone

76
Q
  • which are inferior to the middle nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone, are separate bones, not part of the ethmoid bone
  • scroll-like bones
A

inferior nasal conchae

77
Q
  • a roughly triangular bone on the floor of the nasal cavity that articulates superiorly with the perpendicular plate
A

vomer

78
Q
  • unite to form the upper jawbone

- They articulate with every bone of the face except the mandible (lower jawbone)

A

maxillae

79
Q
  • the bony roof of the mouth, and is formed by the palatine processes of the maxillae and horizontal plates of the palatine bones
A

hard plate

80
Q
  • that empties into the nasal cavity
A

maxillary sinus

81
Q
  • a ridgelike arch that contains the alveoli (sockets) for the maxillary (upper) teeth
A

alveolar process

82
Q
  • horizontal projection of the maxilla that forms the anterior three-quarters of the hard palate.
A

palatine

83
Q
  • an opening in the maxilla inferior to the orbit, allows passage of the infraorbital blood vessels and nerve, a branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal (V) nerve.
A

infraorbital foramen

84
Q
  • posterior to the incisor teeth

- It transmits branches of the greater palatine blood vessels and nasopalatine nerve

A

incisive foramen

85
Q
  • structure associated with the maxilla and sphenoid bone

- located between greater wing shaped of the sphenoid and maxilla

A

inferior orbital fissure

86
Q
  • Cheekbones

- They articulate with the frontal, maxilla, sphenoid, and temporal bones.

A

zygomatic bones

87
Q
  • projects posteriorly and articulates with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone to form the zygomatic arch
A

temporal process

88
Q
  • lower jawbone, is the largest, strongest facial bone

- only movable skull bone (other than the auditory ossicles, the small bones of the ear).

A

manible

89
Q
  • an anterior coronoid process (KOR-ō-noyd) to which the temporalis muscle attaches
A

TMJ

Human Anatomy and Physiology with Pathophysiology (18 decks)

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