Essay 2 - Age of Reason

Question 0

Definition

Answer 0

Movement that questioned the authority of the church and state

Question 1

Dates

Answer 1

1715-1789

Question 2

Where did this take place?

Answer 2

France, Prussia, and Austria and spread throughout Europe

Question 3

Philosophes

Answer 3

Learned, critical thinkers who met in salons to discuss church and state.

Question 4

Philosophes

Answer 4

Voltaire, Montesquieu, Smith, Hume, Rousseau, Diderot, Wollstonecraft

Question 6

Voltair

Answer 6

Philosophe; wrote critical poems; one of an aristocrat who had him exiled to Britain where he saw freedom and wisdom

Question 7

Montesquieu

Answer 7

Wrote about separation of power in government (executive, legislative, and judicial branches)

Question 8

Smith

Answer 8

Author of Wealth of Nations

Question 9

Hume

Answer 9

His was the theory of “cause and effect”

Question 10

Rousseau

Answer 10

Expressed ideas of “liberty, equality, and fraternity”

Question 11

Diderot

Answer 11

Chief editor of The Encyclopedia

Question 12

Wollstonecraft

Answer 12

Wrote The Vindication of the Rights of Women

Question 13

Fredrick the Great of Prussia

Answer 13

Interests in philosophy, poetry, enlarging the army, he was an enlightened despot

Question 14

Catherine the Great of Russia

Answer 14

Grew Russian territory, an enlightened despot

Question 15

Maria Theresa of Habsburgs (Austria)

Answer 15

Able, great ruler; Loving and religious person

Question 16

Wars fought during the era

Answer 16

War of Austrian Succession and Seven Years’ War

Question 17

Conclusion

Answer 17

Agricultural revolution (fewer people grow more food); Mercantilism; Growth of Slavery; Growth of Industry

Question 18

Rulers

Answer 18

Walpole, Fredrick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, Maria Theresa of Habsburgs