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Clinical Pathology > Erythrocyte > Flashcards

Erythrocyte Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to the study of the numbers and morphology of the cellular elements of the blood

A

Hematology

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2
Q

Major functions of WBC and its differential

A

defend the body by phagocytosis against invasion by foreign organ
-Transport, produce, distribute antibodies in the immune response.

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3
Q

The Family with oval erythrocytes

A

Family Camillidae

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4
Q

a molecule that binds reversible to oxygen

A

Haemoglobin.

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5
Q

Organ of the body technically classified as connective tissue which comprises all red blood cells and red cell producing tissues.
-name these organs

A

Erythron
-Blood (erythrocytes)
-spleen
-bone marrow

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6
Q

the central pale area due to biconcavity in a stained RBCs and in what animal is it most apparent?/

A

Central pallor
-Canine erythrocytes

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7
Q

Species that have little to no central pallor

A

cat, horse, cattle, sheep and goat

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8
Q

RBC with a normal concentration of hemoglobin

A

Normochromic

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9
Q

RBC with normal size

A

Normocytic

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10
Q

Erythropoiesis

A

Red cell production that takes place in the red (hemopoietic) bone marrow.
1. decrease in cell size
2. disappearance of nucleus
3. appearance of hemoglobin.

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11
Q

The hormone responsible in erythropoiesis.
-produced in what organ?

A

Erythropoietin (EPO)
-Kidney

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12
Q

Total maturation time of red bone marrow

A

Cattle : 4-5 days
Canine: 1 week

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13
Q

Life span of RBC (range)

A

17-160 days

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14
Q

True or false. Erythrocytes in small species have shorter life span than in larger domestic species?

A

True

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15
Q

Life span RBC in swine

A

2 months

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16
Q

Life span of RBC in cattle

A

5 months

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17
Q

Life span of RBC in sheep

A

Short-lived : 70 days
Long-lived: 150 days

18
Q

Involved in the transport of O2 and CO2 in the body.

A

RBC (erythrocytes)

19
Q

Canine RBC

A

Relatively large, uniform, biconcave disc with an area of central pallor
-Occasionally nucleated RBCs can be seen and Howell-Jolly bodies may also be seen in healthy and non-anemic dogs

20
Q

Canine Howell-Jolly bodies

A

small, dark, purple inclusions within red blood cells. 1 per red cell

21
Q

Feline RBC

A

smaller, variable in size (anisocytosis)
-Have little to no central pallor
-Rouleaux formation is greater compared to canine RBCs.

22
Q

Equine RBCs

A

-Prominent rouleaux formation in healthy horses
-Polychromatophils are not observed in blood from healthy horses and rarely observed in anemic horses.

23
Q

Bovine RBCs

A

-Rarely display rouleaux formation
-Marked poikilocytes seen in healthy calves

24
Q

Caprine erythrocytes

A

-smallest of the domestic animal species with MCV ranging from 16-25fL

25
Q

Camelids RBCs

A

-Small, flat, oval-shaped
-Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is significantly higher than in other species
-40-50 g/dL

26
Q

Poultry, Amphibians, Fishes

A

a mature erythrocytes is an oval cell with an oval central nucleus.

27
Q

(RBCs Disorders): Spicules of different lengths projecting from their surface at irregular intervals.
-Condition is common in?

A

Acanthocytes (spur cells)
-dogs: hemangiosarcoma
-Liver disease (cats & dogs)
-Disseminated intravascular coagulation

28
Q

(Disorders) Spiculated RBCs with regular interval
a. Mechanism?
b. Disorders

A

Echinocytes
a. Expansion of the outer leaflet of RBC membrane.
b. Electrocyte depletion, glomerulonephritis, Pyruvate kinase deficiency, Snake envenomation.

29
Q

(horn cell) - Part of the cell fuses back, leaving two or three horn-like projections.
“Bite”, “helmet” or “blister” cells
a. Found in?

A

Keratocytes
a. Uraemia, Severe burns. Liver disease.

30
Q

small spherical erythrocytes that lack central pallor.
These are formed when macrophages within the liver and spleen remove a portion of a damaged erythrocyte’s cell membrane.

A

Spherocytes

31
Q

RBCs variation in Sizes
a. disorder in morphology

A

Anisocytosis
a. Macrocytic / Microcytic

32
Q

Abnormally small erythrocyte
a. common cause?

A

Microcytic
a. iron-deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, Anemia of chronic disease

33
Q

Abnormally large erythrocytes
a. Cause?

A

Macrocytic
a. Folate, B12 deficiency (oval)
-Ethanol (round)
-Liver disease (round)
- Reticulocytosis (round)

34
Q

RBC have less hemoglobin than normal

A

Hypochromasia

35
Q

young RBC cells that have released early.
-Large and bluer in color than mature RBCs (cause?)
a. Happens in what cases?

A

Polychromasia
-ribosome and mitochondria is still present in immature cells
a. bleeding, hemolysis

36
Q

Higher RBC count may be indicate or may be due to?

A

-Congenital heart disease
-Dehydration (severe diarrhea)
-Hypoxia
-Polycythemia Vera
-Higher Altitude

36
Q

Hematological analysis which involves the determination of different RBC’s parameters.

A

Erytrogram

37
Q

Lower than normal RBC count may be due to?

A

-Anemia
-Bone marrow failure
-Erythropoietin deficiency
-Haemolysis
-Haemorrhage
-Malnutrition
-Nutritional deficiencies

38
Q

Used to facilitate distribution of RBC in a monolayer and separate each other for correct counting.
-examples

A

RBC diluting fluid
-isotonic salt solution
-NaCl 0.85g
-Distilled water 100mL

39
Q

Volume percentage of blood occupied with erythrocytes

A

Packed Cell Volume

Clinical Pathology (9 decks)

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