Erythrocyte

Question 1

Refers to the study of the numbers and morphology of the cellular elements of the blood

Answer 1

Hematology

Question 2

Major functions of WBC and its differential

Answer 2

defend the body by phagocytosis against invasion by foreign organ
-Transport, produce, distribute antibodies in the immune response.

Question 3

The Family with oval erythrocytes

Answer 3

Family Camillidae

Question 4

a molecule that binds reversible to oxygen

Answer 4

Haemoglobin.

Question 5

Organ of the body technically classified as connective tissue which comprises all red blood cells and red cell producing tissues.
-name these organs

Answer 5

Erythron
-Blood (erythrocytes)
-spleen
-bone marrow

Question 6

the central pale area due to biconcavity in a stained RBCs and in what animal is it most apparent?/

Answer 6

Central pallor
-Canine erythrocytes

Question 7

Species that have little to no central pallor

Answer 7

cat, horse, cattle, sheep and goat

Question 8

RBC with a normal concentration of hemoglobin

Answer 8

Normochromic

Question 9

RBC with normal size

Answer 9

Normocytic

Question 10

Erythropoiesis

Answer 10

Red cell production that takes place in the red (hemopoietic) bone marrow.
1. decrease in cell size
2. disappearance of nucleus
3. appearance of hemoglobin.

Question 11

The hormone responsible in erythropoiesis.
-produced in what organ?

Answer 11

Erythropoietin (EPO)
-Kidney

Question 12

Total maturation time of red bone marrow

Answer 12

Cattle : 4-5 days
Canine: 1 week

Question 13

Life span of RBC (range)

Answer 13

17-160 days

Question 14

True or false. Erythrocytes in small species have shorter life span than in larger domestic species?

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Life span RBC in swine

Answer 15

2 months

Question 16

Life span of RBC in cattle

Answer 16

5 months

Question 17

Life span of RBC in sheep

Answer 17

Short-lived : 70 days
Long-lived: 150 days

Question 18

Involved in the transport of O2 and CO2 in the body.

Answer 18

RBC (erythrocytes)

Question 19

Canine RBC

Answer 19

Relatively large, uniform, biconcave disc with an area of central pallor
-Occasionally nucleated RBCs can be seen and Howell-Jolly bodies may also be seen in healthy and non-anemic dogs

Question 20

Canine Howell-Jolly bodies

Answer 20

small, dark, purple inclusions within red blood cells. 1 per red cell

Question 21

Feline RBC

Answer 21

smaller, variable in size (anisocytosis)
-Have little to no central pallor
-Rouleaux formation is greater compared to canine RBCs.

Question 22

Equine RBCs

Answer 22

-Prominent rouleaux formation in healthy horses
-Polychromatophils are not observed in blood from healthy horses and rarely observed in anemic horses.

Question 23

Bovine RBCs

Answer 23

-Rarely display rouleaux formation
-Marked poikilocytes seen in healthy calves

Question 24

Caprine erythrocytes

Answer 24

-smallest of the domestic animal species with MCV ranging from 16-25fL

Question 25

Camelids RBCs

Answer 25

-Small, flat, oval-shaped -Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is significantly higher than in other species -40-50 g/dL

Question 26

Poultry, Amphibians, Fishes

Answer 26

a mature erythrocytes is an oval cell with an oval central nucleus.

Question 27

(RBCs Disorders): Spicules of different lengths projecting from their surface at irregular intervals. -Condition is common in?

Answer 27

Acanthocytes (spur cells) -dogs: hemangiosarcoma -Liver disease (cats & dogs) -Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Question 28

(Disorders) Spiculated RBCs with regular interval a. Mechanism? b. Disorders

Answer 28

Echinocytes a. Expansion of the outer leaflet of RBC membrane. b. Electrocyte depletion, glomerulonephritis, Pyruvate kinase deficiency, Snake envenomation.

Question 29

(horn cell) - Part of the cell fuses back, leaving two or three horn-like projections. "Bite", "helmet" or "blister" cells a. Found in?

Answer 29

Keratocytes a. Uraemia, Severe burns. Liver disease.

Question 30

small spherical erythrocytes that lack central pallor. These are formed when macrophages within the liver and spleen remove a portion of a damaged erythrocyte's cell membrane.

Answer 30

Spherocytes

Question 31

RBCs variation in Sizes a. disorder in morphology

Answer 31

Anisocytosis a. Macrocytic / Microcytic

Question 32

Abnormally small erythrocyte a. common cause?

Answer 32

Microcytic a. iron-deficiency anemia, lead poisoning, Anemia of chronic disease

Question 33

Abnormally large erythrocytes a. Cause?

Answer 33

Macrocytic a. Folate, B12 deficiency (oval) -Ethanol (round) -Liver disease (round) - Reticulocytosis (round)

Question 34

RBC have less hemoglobin than normal

Answer 34

Hypochromasia

Question 35

young RBC cells that have released early. -Large and bluer in color than mature RBCs (cause?) a. Happens in what cases?

Answer 35

Polychromasia -ribosome and mitochondria is still present in immature cells a. bleeding, hemolysis

Question 36

Higher RBC count may be indicate or may be due to?

Answer 36

-Congenital heart disease -Dehydration (severe diarrhea) -Hypoxia -Polycythemia Vera -Higher Altitude

Question 36

Hematological analysis which involves the determination of different RBC's parameters.

Answer 36

Erytrogram

Question 37

Lower than normal RBC count may be due to?

Answer 37

-Anemia -Bone marrow failure -Erythropoietin deficiency -Haemolysis -Haemorrhage -Malnutrition -Nutritional deficiencies

Question 38

Used to facilitate distribution of RBC in a monolayer and separate each other for correct counting. -examples

Answer 38

RBC diluting fluid -isotonic salt solution -NaCl 0.85g -Distilled water 100mL

Question 39

Volume percentage of blood occupied with erythrocytes

Answer 39

Packed Cell Volume