ER Flashcards
What are the three main body systems evaluated during an initial triage examination?
Cardiovascular, respiratory, neurologic
Student #1 MA McCurnin Tenth Edition pp. 776-777
When is placement of a thoracic drain indicated?
When more than two thoracocenteses are needed within a few hours
Student #1 MA McCurnin Tenth Edition pg. 782
What are things to include in nursing care to keep a recumbent patient comfortable?
Absorbent, padded bedding, personal toys and/or blankets, pain control (as ordered by DVM)
Student #1 MA McCurnin Tenth Edition pg. 789
You have a blocked Tom come into the clinic and after running bloodwork, he is found to have hyperkalemia. What drug will likely be administered based on that information?
Calcium gluconate
Student #1 MA McCurnin Tenth Edition pg. 790
What is the proper way to apply obstetric chains to a calf during a dystocia?
Wrapped around the calf’s leg proximal to the fetlock with a half-hitch placed below the fetlock.
Student #1 MA McCurnin Tenth Edition pg. 819
Chest compressions should be continued for how long if no heart beat is detected?
Two minute cycles
LB Student #2 McCurnin 9th Edition pg. 852
How much ethanol does a dog or cat need to consume to cause ethanol poisoning?
5.5ml.kg - dog
6ml/kg - cat
LB Student #2 McCurnin 9th Edition pg. 914
What one of the household food are not dangerous:
A: Onions
B: Cheese
C: Chocolate
D: Xylitol
B: Cheese
LB Student #2 McCurnin 9th Edition pg. 904
What in chocolate makes it hazards?
Theobromine
LB Student #2 McCurnin 9th Edition pg. 902
What plant causes cardiotoxic and neurotoxic
Milkweed
LB Student #2 McCurnin 9th Edition pg. 907-908
What is the primary survey?
Brief targeted exam based on the ABC’s (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
ML, Student #6, McCurnin 10th Edition pg. 775
In regards to CPR, what is the difference between basic life support and advanced life support?
Basic life support is chest compression and ventilation. Advanced life support is medications, defibrillation, and open-chest procedures, and should be employed if the patient is still in cardiac arrest.
ML, Student #6, McCurnin 10th Edition pg. 784-786
What are considered normal arrhythmias?
Sinus arrhythmia, sinus bradycardia and sinus tachycardia
ML, Student #6, McCurnin 10th Edition pg.796
What is included in the standard list of supplies for a colic work up in equine?
NG supplies (NG tube, buckets, towels, tape, 3mL syringe case), BW supplies (needles, syringes, tubes), sedation drugs (Xylazine, detomidine, butorphanol, romifidine, acepromazine), IVC supplies (IVC, extension, suture, saline flush, clippers, scrub, gloves), US machine with gel/alcohol, rectal exam supplies, and supplies for an abdominocentesis (clipper, scrub, mepivacaine, gloves, needles, teat cannula, metal bitch catheter, Tuohy needle, gauze, scalpel, tubes).
ML, Student #6, McCurnin 10th Edition pg. 803
Where is a c-section in a ruminant typically performed? And what are the clipping margins
Left flank, clip liberally from eh tuber coxae to the 12th intercostal space to the flank fold
ML, Student #6, McCurnin 10th Edition pg.820
In larger patients, where is hand placement during CPR?
Over the widest part of the chest.
BH, Student #5, McCurnin 9th Edition pg 852
During CPR, how many respirations should be administered per minute?
8-12 respirations per minute
BH, Student #5, McCurnin 9th Edition pg 853
What is the acupuncture point that can be used to stimulate respiration when other measures have failed?
Governor Vessel 26, which is located at the nasal philtrum at the level of the ventral edge of the nares.
BH, Student #5, McCurnin 9th Edition pg 853
When using a CVP, what vein is used for placement for the long central venous catheter?
The jugular vein
BH, Student #5, McCurnin 9th Edition pg. 856
What monitoring equipment should always be performed on patients with a history of syncope or episodic weakness?
An ECG because these conditions are commonly caused by cardiac arrhythmias, some of which are life threatening.
BH, Student #5, McCurnin 9th Edition pg. 862
What diagnostics are often performed after the initial triage examination?
PCV, total protein, blood glucose, blood gas, blood pressure, pulse ox, ECG, and ultrasound.
MS, Student #10, McCurnin 10th Ed. pg 778
If a dehydrated patient’s lab results include azotemia, what else should he checked?
Urine specific gravity. A USG of >1.050 is considered prerenal and secondary to dehydration while isothenuria in the face of dehydration and azotemia can indicate renal disease.
MS, Student #10, McCurnin 10th Ed. pg 778
What equipment must a crash cart contain?
emergency meds, needles, syringes, a laryngoscope, ET tubes, and a ambubag.
MS, Student #10, McCurnin 10th Ed. pg 779
What patients are at high risk of Cardiopulmonary Arrest (CPA)?
Patients with underlying cardiac disorders, respiratory disease, severe trauma, or shock. Other risks include electrolyte disorders, seuizures, anemia, or increased vagal stimulation.
MS, Student #10, McCurnin 10th Ed. pg 784
What is a patient’s respiratory system at risk for after CPA and CPR?
Pulmonary edema, atelectasis, pulmonary thromboembolism, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
MS, Student #10, McCurnin 10th Ed. pg 787
What is main focus of the initial neurological triage? What signs are you looking for?
Main focus: determining if there is evidence of traumatic brain injury
Signs to look out for: abrupt changes in mentation; changes in pupil size, symmetry, and responsiveness; altered gait or posture; altered proprioception; evidence of trauma to the head
Student #11 SF
McCurnin’s 9th ed.
pg 843
What are some benefits of placing a urinary catheter in a recumbent patient?
Prevents soiling/urine scald; allows monitoring of urine output, USG, changes in appearance of urine
Student #11 SF
McCurnin’s 9th ed.
pg 858
How does pericardial tamponade lead to obstructive shock?
The right atrium collapses due to intrapericardial pressure.
Student #4, EH, McCurnin 9th ed. pg 847
What type of shock is fluid treatment contraindicated?
Cardiogenic shock.
Student #4, EH, McCurnin 9th ed. pg 847
What is the best option for supporting a down cow for long periods?
a) Slings
b) Hydroflotation
c) Hip lifter
b) Hydroflotation to assist animals to stand and support weight.
Student #4, EH, McCurnin 9th ed. pg 889
T or F: A severely anemic patient with severely decreased hemoglobin levels can have a normal pulse oximeter reading.
True. The pulse ox detects the remaining hemoglobin molecules as saturated.
Student #4, EH, McCurnin 9th ed. pg 850.
What ETCO2 monitoring values indicate that adequate compressions are being performed during CPR?
a) 2-3 mmHg
b) 3-5 mmHg
c) 5-10 mmHg
d) 10-15 mmHg
d) 10-15 mmHg. However, above 20 mmHg ETCO2 increases likelihood of survival.
Student #4, EH, McCurnin 9th ed. pg 852
What CPR medications are indicated in asystole and PEA?
Epinephrine and Vasopressin
CP Student #9 McCurnin 9th Ed. Pg. 854
What is a normal CVP reading in a dog?
0-5 cm H2O
CP Student #9 McCurnin 9th Ed. Pg. 846
What type of arrythmia shows complete dissociation of P waves and QRS complexes and indicates a pacemaker to resolve bradycardia?
Third-Degree AV Block
CP Student #9 McCurnin 9th Ed. Pg. 870
How often should an arterial catheter be flushed to prevent blood clots?
2 hours
CP Student #9 McCurnin 9th Ed. Pg. 857
True or False: Cats in shock often present with bradycardia
True, cats present with bradycardia rather than tachycardia like dogs
CP Student #9 McCurnin 9th Ed. Pg. 843
What is the main risk of using a rumen trocar to relieve severe bloat?
Leakage of rumen contents, resulting in peritonitis
Student #11 SF
McCurnin’s 9th ed
pg 886
How does distributive shock occur?
It occurs from the maldistribution of blood flow from inappropriate vasodilation leading to blood pooling out of the capillaries.
MM student #8 McCurnin 9th ed. pg 2035
Why is using hypertonic saline to increase vascular volume for hypovolemic patients only a temporary solution?
The hypertonic saline is a crystalloid, so it will eventually leave the bloodstream.
Student #11 SF
McCurnin’s 9th ed
pg 885
What are some common causes of sinus bradycardia?
High vagal tone; drugs such as beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, anesthetics; hypothermia; hypothyroidism
Student #11 SF
McCurnin’s 9th ed
pg 866
What medications are commonly used to resolve pulmonary edema?
Diuretics
MM student #8 McCurnin 9th ed. pg 2036
What is SIRS?
Systmetic inflammation response syndrome
MM student #8 McCurnin 9th ed. pg 2038
True or false the renal system are not affected after CPA
False- Acute renal failure is common after cpa
MM student #8 McCurnin 9th ed. pg 2058
What organ system is subject to most injury after cpa?
The GI system
MM student #8 McCurnin 9th ed. pg 2058
A visual representation of the electrical activity of the heart
Electrocardiogram
LM student #7 McCurnin 9th ed. Chp 25
The transfer of beneficial microorganisms from the rumen of one individual to another
Rumenostomy
LM student #7 McCurnin 9th ed. Chp 25
Condition of maintaining a specific posture to ease breathing
Orthopnea
LM student #7 McCurnin 9th ed. Chp 25
When faced with a small ruminant with an inability to urinate, urethral stones can easily be ruled out by taking radiographs.
T or F
True
LM student #7 McCurnin 9th ed. Chp 25
Equine patients with ————
should always be
assessed for blood loss, which is commonly associated with this condition.
A wound
LM student #7 McCurnin 9th ed. Chp 25
What is the difference between shock in cats and dogs?
Cats will present with Bradycardia and dogs will present with Tachycardia.
HG Student #3 McCurnin 776
What are some items that should be stocked in the treatment area for emergencies?
blood glucose, pulse OX, ECG monitoring, and PCV/TP supplies.
HG Student #3 McCurnin pg 779
Which type of shock presents with bounding pulses, fever, and bright red mucous membranes?
Septic Shock.
HG Student #3 McCurnin pg 781
Which two drugs can be used for dogs in asystole?
Epinephrine and Vasopressin.
HG student #3 McCurnin pg 787
What should be monitored after successful resuscitation?
Neurological assessments and organ health.
hg Student #3 McCurnin pg 788
