Equine Reproduction

Question 1

parts of the mares reproductive tract

Answer 1

vulva, vestibule, vagina, cervix, bicornuate uterus – uterine horns, oviduct, ovary

Question 2

vestibule

Answer 2

between vaginal opening and urethral opening, combines reproduction and urinary functions

Question 3

bicornuate uterus

Answer 3

a uterus with two horns

Question 4

what type of folds are in the cervix?

Answer 4

longitudinal folds

Question 5

cervix

Answer 5

final barrier of protection, changes with the cycle (relax when cycling, really tight when in anestrus)

Question 6

ovulation fossa

Answer 6

where follicle ovulates from, different from humans, in a place where it will ideally only ovulate one follicle

Question 7

estrous length

Answer 7

21 days

Question 8

estrus

Answer 8

development of follicle, estrogen dominant hormone

Question 9

diestrus

Answer 9

luteal phase, progesterone dominant hormone

Question 10

stallion’s reproductive tract

Answer 10

testes, epididymis, vas deferens, accessory glands, penis

Question 11

the testis

Answer 11

function: produce spermatozoa and produce testosterone

Question 12

Sertoli cells

Answer 12

produce spermatozoa and put them into the lumen
–> follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
-in the seminiferous tubules

Question 13

leydig cells

Answer 13

luteinzing hormone

Question 14

where is sperm stored?

Answer 14

epididymis

Question 15

ultrasound

Answer 15

ultrasound waves go into the body and bounce back images. black=fluid, white=solid object

Question 16

uterine edema

Answer 16

swelling in the uterus, ample amounts of estrogen, large follicles

Question 17

equine breeding season

Answer 17

seasonal, long day breeders
–> about February to June

Question 18

when are all horses birthdays?

Answer 18

January 1st

Question 19

gestation length

Answer 19

340 days

Question 20

MRP

Answer 20

maternal recognition of pregnancy, not sure how it works in horses

Question 21

what is embryo mobility?

Answer 21

the embryo is moved by the uterus to each horn, eventually it will get stuck in a horn

Question 22

equine embryo capsule

Answer 22

protects the embryo

Question 23

twins in horses chance of survival?

Answer 23

less than 1%

Question 24

pinching

Answer 24

massage one of the embryos to the top of the uterine horn and pop with the ultrasound probe

Question 25

3 stages of parturition

Answer 25

1. general discomfort (6 hours)
2. water breaks and birth of foal (15-20 minutes)
3. expulsion of placenta (1-3 hours)

Question 26

what length of time is considered an emergency after a horses water breaks?

Answer 26

30 minutes

Question 27

what to do if the placenta is retained?

Answer 27

try to flush out or the body can go into shock

Question 28

1,2,3 foal guideline

Answer 28

hour 1: stand up
hour 2: nurse
hour 3: defecate (meconium)

Question 29

meconium

Answer 29

the first defecation from a baby