Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Equine Anatomy Midterm- Final > Equine Pelvic Limb Crus and Tarsus > Flashcards

Equine Pelvic Limb Crus and Tarsus Flashcards

1
Q

tibial tuberosity

A

patellar tendon attaches here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

medial and lateral malleolus

A

OCDs; located just proximal to hock and lateral to distal intermediate ridge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

distal intermediate ridge

A

located just proximal to hock medial to medial and lateral malleolus; OCDs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gastrocnemius

A
  • supracondylar tuberosities (lat/ med) to calcanean tuber, main contributor to common calcanean tendon
  • innervation- tibial nerve
  • cd crus muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

superficial digital flexor

A
  • supracondylar fossa to P1 and P2; main contributor to common calcanean tendon
  • innervation- tibial nerve
  • cd crus muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

deep digital flexor

A

-multiple heads from proximal tibia to plantar aspect of P3
innervation- tibial nerve
- cd crus muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cd crus muscles

A

gastrocnemius, SDF, DDF; all innervated by tibial neve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

main contributors to calcanean tendon

A

gastrocnemius and SDF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cranial tibial

A
  • cr tibia to fused 1/2 tarsal bones (cunean tendon or md branch of cr tibial) and metatarsal tuberosity (d branch with d branch of fibularis tertius)
  • innervation common fibular (peroneal nerve)
  • cr crus muscle
  • medial branch = cunean tendon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

fibulas (peroneus) tertius

A
  • extensor fossa of distal femur with long digital extensor to metatarsal tuberosity (dorsal branch), other branches to other tarsal bones
  • innervation common fibular (peroneal) nerve
  • cr crus muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

long digital extensor

A
  • extensor fossa of distal femur with fibularis tertius to dorsal aspect P1/P2/P3 (joins with tendon of lateral digital extensor distal to tarsus)
  • innervation common fibular (peroneal) nerve
  • cr crus muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lateral digital extensor

A
  • lateral collateral ligament
    of stifle (and nearby tibia/ fibula) to dorsal aspect of P1/ P2/P3 (joins with tendon of long digital extensor distal to tarsus)
  • innervation common fibular (peroneal) nerve
  • cr crus muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cr crus muscles

A

cranial tibial, peroneus tertius, long digital extensor, lateral digital extensor
- all innervated by common fibular (peroneal) nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what attaches to supracondylar fossa

A

superficial digital flexor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what attaches to supracondylar tuberosities

A

gastrocnemius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

hock bones

A 
proximal lateral: Calcaneus
proximal medial: talus
distal lateral: 4th tarsal bone
medial central: central tarsal bone
medial distal: fused T1 and T2
Middle of distal bones (ie between T4 and fused T1and 2): T3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

calcaneus

A
  • calcanean tuber

- sustentaculum tali

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

talus

A

medial and lateral trochlear ridges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

contributors to calcanean tendon

A

biceps femoris, semitendinosus, gastrocnemius (main contributor), and SDF (main contributor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what attaches to calcanean tuber

A

gastrocnemius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what forms tarsal canal

A

T4, T3, central tarsal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what attaches to fused 1/2 tarsal bones

A

cr tibial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

blood supply of hindlimb

A
  1. external iliac
    2a. femoral
    3a. popliteal
    4a. cr tibial
    5a. performating tarsal
    6a. medial and lateral plantar metatarsal arteries
    or
    6aa. Dorsal metatarsal artery

or

  1. external iliac
    2b. saphenous
    3b. md and lateral plantar metatarsal arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

innervation distal hindlimb

A
  1. sciatic nerve
    2a. common fibular (cr crus muscles)
    3a. superficial branch
    or
    3aa. deep branch -> dorsal metatarsal nerves
    2b. tibial nerve
    3b. plantar nerves ->
    4b. plantar digital nerves
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

superficial branch off common fibular nerve

A

lateral digital extensor
skin
dorsal aspect of limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

dorsal metatarsal nerves

A
  • come from deep branch of common fibular nerve which is branch of sciatic nerve
  • medial and lateral dorsal metatarsal nerves
  • innervates hock joint
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

deep branch of common fibular nerve

A
  • hock flexors and digit extensors

- gives off dorsal metatarsal nerves (which innervate hock joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

plantar nerve-> plantar digital nerves

A

change at level of fetlock (medial and lateral plantar digital nerves)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

plantar nerves

A

deep branch of lateral for plantar metatarsal nerves; innervates suspensory ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what has shared origin with fibularis tertius

A

long digital extensor (from extensor fossa of femur)

31
Q

cunean tendon is

A

medial branch of cranial tibial

32
Q

peroneus tertius and cr tibial

A

peroneus tertius forms ring like/ sleve like bifurcation which cranial tibial runs through and then bifurcates after; medial branch of this bifurcation is cunean tendon

33
Q

reciprocal apparatus

A

components- superficial digital flexor and fibularis (peroneus) tertius
fx- tie the motion of the hock and stifle together (if flex stifle hock is flexed if stifle is extended the hock is extended too) with the ultimate goal of minimizing the energy expenditure of the animal that stands for long periods of time

34
Q

rupture of the fibularis (peroneus) tertius

A

can extend hock with stifle still flexed; can heal with time; will see swelling on lateral side (b/c attachment of extensor fossa)

35
Q

string halt

A

hock= affected= flexing bc long and lateral digital extensors and cr tibial and fibulas tertius (it hock flexors); usually this is b/c lateral digital extensor, can try tendon sx or if in Australia poisoness plant can cause this so so take them off pasture and they will get better

36
Q

clinical correlates of reciprocal apparatus

A

rupture of fibularis (peroneus) tertius and stringhalt

37
Q

tendon sheath of deep digital flexor tendon

A

medial side of limb at level of tarsus; distention of this tendonsheath is thoroughpin

38
Q

long plantar ligament

A

lateral; curb= swelling of this ligament this is at level of hock but sometimes a little distal

39
Q

joints of the tarsus

A
  • tarsocrural joint (aka tibiotarsal joint or talocrural joint)
  • talocalcaneal joint
  • proximal intertarsal joint
  • distal intertarsal joint
  • tarsometatarsal joint
40
Q

tibiotarsal joint

A

has largest degree of motion and multiple joint pouches
pouches:
- dorsomedial and dorsolateral
- plantarolateral and plantaromedial pouch

41
Q

what divides dorsomedial and dorsolateral joint pouches

A

medial saphenous vein

42
Q

tibiotarsal joint access

A

aka tarsocrural/ talocrural

  • d med or d lat pouches can do plantar med or plantar lat pouches if worried about laceration of d aspect of limb (flush plantar ones to see if jt involvement in wound on d side ect.)
  • d pouches are largest
43
Q

distal intertarsal joint access

A

medial aspect of limb where; cr to cunean tendon

44
Q

tarsometatarsal joint access

A

lateral aspect of limb proximal to head of splint bone

45
Q

communications hock joints

A

tibiotarsal (aka tarsocrural aka talocrural), talocalcanean, proximal intertarsal= 100%
distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal= ~40%

46
Q

how to access talocalcaneal and proximal intertarsal joints

A

go in through tibiotarsal joint which will communicate with them 100% of time

47
Q

which hock jts most likely to develop arthritis

A

distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal

48
Q

bog spavin

A

fusion/ filling tarsocrural joint

49
Q

blood spavin

A

hematoma in cr branch md saphenous vein or blood in jt?

50
Q

bone spavin

A

arthritis DIT and TMT

51
Q

spavin test

A

flex hock/ put pressure on them to asses for increased lameness

52
Q

tibiotarsal joint

A

capsule surrounds articulation of the tibia with the trochlea of the talus

53
Q

talocalcaneal joint

A

between talus and calcaneus

54
Q

proximal intertarsal joint

A

between talus and calcaneus proximally and central and 4th tarsal bones distally

55
Q

distal intertarsal joint

A

includes articulation of central tarsal with T1+2 (fused) and T3 distally

56
Q

tarsometatarsal joint

A

includes articulation between T1+2 (fused), T3, and T4 proximally and Mt2, Mt3, Mt4 distally; also includes articulations between the 3 metatarsal bones, between T1+2 (fused) and T3, and between T3 and T4

57
Q

tarsus x-ray protocol

A

marker on film on dorsal most or lateral most surface of radiograph

58
Q

view name vs surfaces profiled in a radiograph

A

views are named by direction the beam passes through the; the surfaces profiled in radiograph are opposite name of view

59
Q

in lateral to medial radiograph which surfaces are in profile

A

dorsal and plantar surfaces

60
Q

in dorsal to plantar radiograph which surfaces will be in profile

A

lateral and medial surfaces

61
Q

lateral to medial radiograph what structures are you looking for

A
  • cortex and medulla of sustentaculum tali

- maker on dorsal most surface (bc lateral most isn’t available)

62
Q

dorsal to plantar radiograph what structures are you looking for

A
  • calcaneus (good lateral marker)
  • medial malleolus
  • lateral malleolus
  • marker on lateral most surface (bc dorsal most isn’t available)
63
Q

oblique radiograph views of tarsus

A
  • dorsomedial-plantarolateral (DMPLO)

- dorsolateral-plantaromedial (DLPMO)

64
Q

DLPMO view direction of beam

A

dorsomedial-plantarolateral view

beam direction: dorsolateral-> plantaromedial

65
Q

DLPMO view surfaces in profile

A

d-medial and plantar lateral (opposite the name of view)

66
Q

what structures do we see on DLPMO view

A

structures located on dorsomedial and plantarolateral surfaces of tarsus

  • distal intermediate ridge of the tibia
  • large 4th tarsal bone
  • medial trochlear ridge
67
Q

DMPLO view direction of beam

A

dorsomedial-plantarolateral view

beam direction: dorsomedial -> plantarolateral

68
Q

DMPLO view highlights what surfaces

A

Dorsolateral and plantaromedial (opposite name of view)

69
Q

what structures do we see on DMPLO view

A

structures located on dorsolateral and plantaromedial sides of tarsus

  • fused tarsal bone 1/2
  • lateral trochlea of talus
  • only view where sustentaculum tali of calcaneus isn’t superimposed on bone
70
Q

stay apparatus of hindlimb

A
  • reciprocal apparatus
  • patellar locking mechanism
  • check ligament?
71
Q

lateral supracondylar tuberosity

A

rough area on distal 3rd of body of femur proximal to the lateral condyle and lateral to supracondylar fossa for attachment of lateral gastrocnemius

72
Q

medial supracondylar tuberosity

A

rough area on distal 3rd of body of femur proximal to medial condyle for attachment of medial head of gastrocnemius

73
Q

supracondylar fossa

A

depression of caudodistal aspect of the body of femur proximal to lateral condyle for origin of superficial digital flexor muscle

Equine Anatomy Midterm- Final (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions