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AP Chemistry > Equilibrium > Flashcards

Equilibrium Flashcards

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1
Q

At equilibrium, __________ no longer change

A

Concentrations

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2
Q

The rate of the forward reaction __________ the rate of the reverse reaction

A

Equals

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3
Q

Chemical equilibrium takes place in a _________ system

A

Closed

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4
Q

If K > 1, which side does the reaction lie?

A

Right

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5
Q

If K

A

Left

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6
Q

_______ and ________ are left out of the equilibrium expression

A

Solids, liquids

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7
Q

When writing an equilibrium expression, include _______ and _____________

A

Gases, aqueous species

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8
Q

Pressure exerted by a specific gas in a system

A

Partial pressure

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9
Q

The partial pressure of all of the gasses in a system sum up to the _____________ in that system

A

Total pressure

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10
Q

What does delta n represent?

A

(Moles of gaseous products)-(moles of gaseous reactants)

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11
Q

If K > 10

A
  • mostly products

- equilibrium lies far to the right

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12
Q

If K

A
  • mostly reactants

- equilibrium lies far to the left

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13
Q

If K=1

A
  • equal amounts of each

- equilibrium lies in the middle

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14
Q

What is the equation for molarity?

A

Molarity= (number of moles of solute)/(L of solution)

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15
Q

When reactions do not go to completion, all the ___________ do not get used up

A

Reactants

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16
Q

The ____________ is used to determine whether a reaction is at equilibrium

A

Reaction Quotient (Q)

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17
Q

If Q>K

A

The reaction will proceed to the left

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18
Q

If Q

A

The reaction will proceed to the right

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19
Q

If Q=K

A

The system is at equilibrium

20
Q

According to Le Chateliers principal, the only three stresses are changes in…

A
  • pressure
  • concentrations
  • temperature
21
Q

If the pressure on a system at equilibrium is increased, q changes and the equilibrium will shift towards the side with ________ moles of gas to reduce the stress

A

Fewer

22
Q

If the pressure on a system at equilibrium is decreased, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift towards the side with _______ moles of gas to reduce that stress

A

More

23
Q

Stress from increasing/decreasing pressure changes the equilibrium concentrations, but it _________ change the equilibrium constant

A

Does not

24
Q

If the concentration of one of the species in an equilibrium system is increased, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift in the direction that will _______________ of that species

A

Reduce the concentration

25
Q

If the concentrations of one of the species in an equilibrium system is decreased, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift in the direction that will __________________ of that species

A

Increase the concentration

26
Q

Stress from decreasing/increasing concentrations changes the equilibrium concentrations, but it ___________ change the equilibrium constant

A

Does not

27
Q

If solvent is added to a system at equilibrium, Q changes and the equilibrium will shift towards the side with _____________ to reduce the stress

A

More particles

28
Q

Stress from dilution changes the equilibrium concentrations but it ________ change the equilibrium constant

A

Does not

29
Q

Cooling (taking away heat) shifts the equilibrium in the direction that ______________

A

Produces heat

30
Q

Adding heat (increasing the temperature) shifts the equilibrium in the direction that __________

A

Absorbs heat

31
Q

Stress from _____________ is the only stress that changes the equilibrium constant

A

Changing temperature

32
Q

According to the reciprocal rule, when a reaction is reversed, the new equilibrium constant (K) or reaction quotient (Q) value is the _____________

A

Inverse of the old

33
Q

When two or more reactions are combined the new K or Q value is the __________ product of the K or Q values from the individual reactions

A

Products

34
Q

Delta G must be ________ zero for a reaction to proceed in a given direction

A

Less than

35
Q

A system is at equilibrium when delta g is at

A

0

36
Q

When G

A

Products

37
Q

When G

A

>

38
Q

When G

A

Exergonic

39
Q

When G>0 the process is considered ________

A

Endergonic

40
Q

When G>0 the process favors ________ at equilibrium

A

Reactants

41
Q

If G>0, K__1

A
42
Q

In exothermic reactions, cooling shifts the equilibrium to the ________

A

Right

43
Q

In exothermic reactions, increasing the temperature shifts the equilibrium to the ________

A

Left

44
Q

In endothermic reactions cooling shifts the reaction to the _______

A

Left

45
Q

In endothermic reactions adding heat shifts the reaction to the _______

A

Right

AP Chemistry (18 decks)

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