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AP Chemistry > Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Acids and Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

Acids ___________ protons

A

Donate

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2
Q

Bases _________ protons

A

Accept

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3
Q

Substances that can act as an acid or base depending on what it’s mixed with, ex: water

A

Amphoteric Substance

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4
Q

___________ acids completely dissociate in water

A

Strong

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5
Q

_________ acids partially dissociate

A

Weak

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6
Q

Where does equilibrium lie in strong acids?

A

Far to the right

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7
Q

Where does equilibrium lie in weak acids?

A

Left or middle

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8
Q

What are the big six strong acids?

A
  • perchloric acid
  • hydro iodic acid
  • hydrobromic acid
  • hydrochloric acid
  • nitric acid
  • sulfuric acid
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9
Q

HClO4

A

Perchloric acid

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10
Q

HCl

A

Hydrochloric Acid

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11
Q

HI

A

Hydro Iodic acid

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12
Q

HNO3

A

Nitric acid

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13
Q

HBr

A

Hydrobromic acid

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14
Q

H2SO4

A

Sulfuric Acid

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15
Q

What are the possible cations of strong bases?

A
  • All group 1A cations

- Ca, Sr, Ba

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16
Q

Strong acids always have very ___________ conjugate bases

A

Weak

17
Q

Very weak acids always have _______ conjugate bases

A

Strong

18
Q

Acid strength ____________ when moving down a group

A

Increases

19
Q

Conjugate base strength ____________ when moving down a group

A

Decreases

20
Q

Oxoacid with an OH group bonded to an element that is not bound to other oxygens

A

HOY acids

21
Q

Oxoacid where an OH group is bonded to an element that is bonded to other oxygens

A

HYO acids

22
Q

In HOY acids, acid strength ___________ as the electronegativity of y increases

A

Increases

23
Q

In HYO acids, acid strength ____________ as more Oxygens are added to the central Y

A

Increases

24
Q

Weak organic acids

A

Carboxylic acids

25
Q

In carboxylic acids, the more electronegative the elements that make ‘R’ the ____________ the acid

A

stronger

26
Q

Kw=

A

1.0x10^-14

27
Q

A pH of what is neutral?

A

7

28
Q

Solutions with a pH larger that 7 are __________

A

Basic

29
Q

Solutions with a pH less than 7 are ___________

A

Acidic

30
Q

The stronger the acid/base the ________ the Ka value

A

Larger

31
Q

The stronger the acid/base the __________ the pKa

A

Smaller

32
Q

Acids that can donate more than one H+ in a solution

A

Polyprotic acids

33
Q

Blood is a ___________

A

Base

AP Chemistry (18 decks)

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