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Histology > Epithelium Cells > Flashcards

Epithelium Cells Flashcards

1
Q

List different defining features of epithelium cells.

A

1) usually covers organ surface
2) One or more layers of contagious cells
3) sparse extracellular material
4) avascular
5) anchored to the basement membrane
6) basal, apical, and lateral membrane
7) Adjacent to loose connective tissue

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2
Q

Which epithelium cell shape is flat, scaley, and looks like a fried egg?

A

squamous

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3
Q

Which epithelium cell shape has an approximately equal height and width?

A

cuboidal

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4
Q

Which epithelium cell shape consists of tall, narrow cells?

A

columnar

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5
Q

Which kind of epithelia has a single layer of cells where all cells touch the basement membrane?

A

simple epithelia

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6
Q

Which kind of epithelia has two or more cell layers (with some resting atop others) and there is no basement membrane?

A

stratified epithelia

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7
Q

Name this type of epithelium and where it is commonly found in the body.

A

simple squamous epithelium
- Glomerular capsule of the kidney (Bowman’s capsule)
- endothelium of blood vessels
- Serosa of GI tract
- pulmonary alveoli

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8
Q

Name this type of epithelium and where it is commonly found in the body.

A

simple cuboidal epithelium
- kidney tubules
- gland ducts
- liver
- thyroid

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9
Q

Name this type of epithelium and where it is commonly found in the body.

A

simple columnar epithelium
- stomach and intestines
- uterine tubes and uterus
- gallbladdar

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10
Q

Name this type of epithelium and where it is commonly found in the body.

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium
- respritory tract
- some parts of male reproductive tract

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11
Q

Name this type of epithelium and where it is commonly found in the body.

A

stratified squamous epithelium
non-keratinized:
- mouth
- espophagus
- anal canal
- vagina

keratinized:
- epidermis
- oral muscous

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12
Q

Name this type of epithelium and where it is commonly found in the body.

A

startified cuboidal epithelium
- gland ducts
- ovarian follicles
- seminiferous tubules

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13
Q

Name this type of epithelium and where it is commonly found in the body.

A

stratified columnar epithelium
- large gland ducts
- Larynx
- junction of orophatynx & nasopharynx
- anal canal
- Part of penile urethra

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14
Q

Name this type of epithelium and where it is commonly found in the body.

A

transitional epithelium
- Adult - urinary system only
- Fetus - allantoic duct within umbilical cord

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15
Q

Pseudostratified and stratified columnar epithelium are hard to distinguish…
Name the one which is:
- usually ciliated
- looks more disorderly
- few/no nuclei to register
- looks like many layers

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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16
Q

Psedostratified and stratified columnar epithelium are hard to distinguish…
Name the one which is:
- never ciliated
- looks more orderly
- many nuclei align vertically
- only two layers

A

stratified columnar epithelium

17
Q

What is…
- visible only to TEM (transition electron microscopy)
- is 20-100nm thick
- has fine fibers of collagen, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans
- anchors epithelial cells
- Binds growth factors, regulates epithelial development

A

basal lamina

18
Q

What is…

  • thicker
  • visible on the light microscope
  • upper layer + reticular fibers or fused of adjacent cells
A

basement membrane

located in the dermis area
19
Q

Cellular Junctions

  • zipperlike band encircling apical pole of cell
  • plasma membranes of 2 cells fuse along a zone of interlocking ridges and grooves
  • seals off intercellular space
  • prevents or limits passage of materials through intercellular space
A

tight junctions (Zonula Occludens)

20
Q

Cellular Junctions

  • encircling cell near apical pole
  • plasma membranes not fused, not chemically impermeable
  • actin filaments of terminal web
  • transmembrane proteins link tointercellular proteins
  • mechanical linkage, resists stress, holds epithelial together
A

adherent junctions (Zonula Adherens)

21
Q

Cellular Junctions

  • each cell has a transmembrane pore surrounded by a complex of 6 proteins
  • allow ions, small hormones, cAMP, and other molecules to pass from cell to cell
A

gap (communicating) junction

on the quiz

22
Q

Cellular Junctions

  • discoid patch of inking proteins “spot welds” compared to “zippers”
  • protein plaque on intercellular face of membrane
  • intercellular linking proteins join the adjacent cells together
  • mechanical linkage, resists stress
A

desmosome (Macula Adherens)

23
Q

What occurs in most cells and has a brush boarder?

A

microvilli

Stereocilia are long microvilli

24
Q

What are the locations of microvilli for absorbative and sensory functions?

A
  • absorbative - kidney, small intestines
  • sensory - inner ear, taste buds
25
Q

What are long microvilli which can sometimes be branched and found in the inner ear and epididymis?

A

stereocilia

26
Q

Which structure occurs in most cells as non-motile and often have sensory ion-gating roles?

A

(primary) cilia

27
Q

What is motile cilia called and where is it commonly found?

A

kinocilia
* respiritory tract
* reproductive tract

28
Q

What consists of a 9+2 arrangement of microtubule doublets?

A

axoneme

29
Q

What is the one nonepithelial example of a motile mictrotubule which is constructued almost like cilia?

Ex. sperm tails

A

flagella

30
Q

Glands are used in the body to ____ substances for use in the body, or to ____ waste for elimination from the body.

A

secrete; excrete

31
Q

Which kind of glands have ducts that lead to a tissue surface, releasing secretions onto that surface?

A

exocrine glands

32
Q

Which kind of glands lack ducts but have a dense bed of blood capillaries and also release secretions (hormones) into the blood stream?

A

endocrine glands

33
Q

Which kind of glands secrete mucin which hydrates and turns to mucus?

A

Mucous glands

34
Q

Which kind of glands secrete less viscous, and more watery products?

Ex. pancreatic juices

A

Serous glands

35
Q

Which kind of glands produce both mucin and watery products?

Ex. salivary glands

A

Mixed glands

36
Q

Which kind of glands produce and release whole cells?

Ex. testes and ovaries

A

Cytogenic glands

Histology (19 decks)

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