Digestive System III Flashcards
The pancreas has two functions, what are these?
- exocrine
- endocrine (islets)
What does the pancreas produce that aids the body?
enzymes
What are the components that the pancreas secretes in the exocrine system?
- sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3-)
- digestive enzymes
- zymogens
- trypsinogen
What are the components that the pancreas secretes in the endocrine system?
- insulin
- glucagon
- somatostatin
- gastrin
- pancreatic polypeptide
What do digestive enzymes break down in the exocrine system of the pancreas?
- starch
- fat
- protein
- nucleic acids
What makes up zymogens in the exocrine system of the pancreas?
enzymes packed in
Which component of the pancreas breaks down glucose?
glucagon
What are the two kinds of cells in the pancreas that make up the exocrine system?
- acinar cells (with zymogen granules)
- centroacinar cells
What is the name of the component that secretes endocrine secretions in the pancreas?
pancreatic islets (Islet of Langerhans)
The endocrine islet of the pancreas is surrounded by ____.
capillaries
What are the two types of cells in the pancreatic islets? What do each secrete?
- beta cells - insulin
- alpha cells - glucagon
What are the four lobes of the liver called?
- right
- left
- caudate
- quadrate hilum (porta hepatis)
What is the primary function of the liver?
allows for the body to maintain a controlled level of glucose
What is the liver’s only digestive function?
produces bile
What factors does the liver synthesize?
- glucose (fats and amino acids)
- cholesterol (other lipids)
- proteins of blood plasma
- blood clotting factors