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Histology > Epithelial Tissue > Flashcards

Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

covers body surfaces, lines body cavities, and forms glands; characterized by production of keratin intermediate filaments

A

epithelia

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2
Q

developmental area that gives rise to epidermis, cornea and lens epithelia of eye, enamel organ and enamel of teeth, anterior pituitary, and inner ear

A

ectoderm

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3
Q

developmental area that gives rise to the neural tube (CNS): pineal body, posterior pituitary, sensory epithelium of eye, ear and nose; and the neural crest (PNS): ganglia, nerves, glial cells, adrenal medulla, melanocytes, neuroendocrine cells

A

neuroectoderm

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4
Q

developmental area that gives rise to the epithelium of kidneys and gonads, mesothelium lining pleura, peritoneal, and pericardial cavities, endothelium of blood and lymph vessels, and the adrenal cortex

A

mesoderm

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5
Q

developmental area that gives rise to epithelium of respiratory system, alimentary epithelium excluding the anal and oral cavity, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, tympanic cavity and Eustachian tubes, transitional epithelium of bladder

A

endoderm

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6
Q

functions as barrier, semi-permeable membrane, secretion, absorption, transport, and sensation

A

epithelium

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7
Q

epithelium never penetrated by blood vessels

A

epithelia avascular

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8
Q

_______ is supported by basement membrane, separates epithelium from underlying connective tissue and blood vessels, relies on diffusion of O2 and nutrients from underlying tissue

A

epithelium

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9
Q

epithelium that lines cavities that connect with outside world (alimentary, respiratory, urogenital); contains surface epithelium of ectoderm, basement membrane, supporting connective tissue (lamina propria), and sometimes layers of smooth muscle

A

mucous membrane

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10
Q

epithelium that lines closed body cavities (peritoneal, pleural, or pericardial); consists of epithelial lining, mesothelium, basement membrane, and supporting connective tissue; lacks muscularis mucosae

A

serous membrane

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11
Q

epithelium that lines blood and lymph vessels; associated with variable numbers of muscle and connective tissue layers or tunics

A

endothelium

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12
Q

T/F Most epithelial cells have finite lifespan

A

True

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13
Q

extracellular matrix proteins (external lamina) that provides structural support, scaffolding for growth, differentiation, and migration of cells during embryonic growth and regeneration

A

basement membrane

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14
Q

major components of ________ include GAG’s, type 4 collagen, and structural glycoproteins (laminin, fibronectin, and entactin)

A

basement membrane

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15
Q

layer of basement membrane in contact with basal cell membrane

A

lamina lucida

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16
Q

layer of basement membrane that merges with surrounding tissue

A

lamina reticularis

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17
Q

layer of basement membrane anchored to underlying connective tissue by microfibrils of type 4 collagen

A

lamina densa

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18
Q

3 functional types of cell junctions

A

occluding, adhering, and communicating

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19
Q

located immediately beneath luminal surface of simple columnar epithelia that seals intercellular space and prevents leakage

A

occluding (tight) junctions

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20
Q

continuous, circumferential band formed around the cell where portions of opposing cell membranes fuse together

A

zonula occludens

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21
Q

present between endothelial cells in wall of blood vessels that promote extravasation of WBCs

A

fascia occludens

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22
Q

cell junction that binds cells together and act as anchoring points for cell cytoskeleton

A

adhering (anchoring) junctions

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23
Q

continuous band characterized by transmembrane glycoproteins called cadherins where the adjacent cell membranes are not fused

A

zonula adherens

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24
Q

small circular patches (spot welds) located on lateral surface of cell that are associated with attachment plaques containing attachment proteins like desmoplakins, desmogleins, and tonofilaments

A

macula adherens (desmosomes)

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25
Q

most common type of cell junction

A

macula adherens (desmosomes)

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26
Q

cell junctions found on basal surface of cell only, anchoring it to basement membrane via integrins that are associated with high mechanical abrasion/shearing forces

A

hemidesmosomes

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27
Q

a specialized, circumferential, intercellular connection that is a hybrid between adhering and occluding junctions that forms diffusion barrier between cells

A

junctional complex (terminal bar)

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28
Q

zonula occludens (tight junction), zonula adherens (adherens junction), and macula adherens (desmosomes) comprise the ____________

A

junctional complex (terminal bar)

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29
Q

focal or regional adherent zones located on lateral border of cell that permit passage of small molecules between adjacent cells and allows transport of information and metabolites between cells

A

gap (nexus) junctions

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30
Q

short, finger-like cytoplasmic projections that contain actin filaments that extend from cell surface that increase surface area for absorption or secretion

A

microvilli

31
Q

network of actin microfilaments at base of microvilli that provide support

A

terminal web

32
Q

long microvilli (not cilia) found only in epididymis of males and sensory cells of inner ear that are non-motile and contain actin filaments

A

stereocilia

33
Q

long, motile cytoplasmic extensions that posses an axoneme that arise from an individual basal body formed from centrioles; beat in a synchronous rhythm; has rapid, rigid, effective stroke and slower, flexible recovery stroke

A

cilia

34
Q

9+2 arrangement of microtubules seen in cilia

A

axoneme

35
Q

disorder that causes sterility in males due to non-functional flagella on sperm

A

Kartagener’s syndrome

36
Q

heart appears on left side of body due to absence of ciliary activity during embryonic development

A

Dextrocardia/ situs inversus

37
Q

disorder due to non-functional cilia on ependymal cells unable to circulate CSF

A

hydrocephalus

38
Q

epithelium that is 1 cell layer thick

A

simple

39
Q

epithelium that is 2 or more layers thick

A

stratified

40
Q

epithelium that looks stratified but isn’t; all cells rest on basement membrane but not all cells extend to epithelial surface

A

pseudostratified

41
Q

flattened cells that; width>height

A

squamous

42
Q

width=height=depth

A

cubodial

43
Q

height>depth

A

columnar

44
Q
A

simple squamous

45
Q
A

simple cubodial

46
Q
A

simple columnar

47
Q
A

stratified squamous

48
Q
A

pseudostratified

49
Q
A

transitional epithelium

50
Q

lines most of urinary tract except for parts of urethra; stratified epithelium, modified for distensibility; varies from squamous to cuboidal

A

transitional epithelium

51
Q

epithelium linig blood vessels and lymphatics; simple squamous

A

endothelium

52
Q

epithelium lining closed body cavities (thoracic, pericardial, and abdominal cavities); simple squamous

A

mesothelium

53
Q
A

endothelium

54
Q
A

mesothelium

55
Q

gland with unbranched ducts (straight or coiled)

A

simple gland

56
Q

gland with branched ducts

A

compound gland

57
Q

gland that has a tube-like shape (straight or coiled)

A

tubular

58
Q

gland that is shaped like a sac or flask

A

acinar

59
Q

gland shaped like a tube with a dilated end

A

tubuloacinar

60
Q

gland that secretes a watery solution; basophilic acini

A

serous gland

61
Q

gland that secretes a thick, viscid secretion that appears clear on an H&E

A

mucous gland

62
Q

gland that contains both mucous and serous acini that often include serous demilunes

A

mixed gland

63
Q

secrete lipids in form of sebum on skin

A

sebaceous gland

64
Q
A

1: Serous acini
2: Striated ducts
3: Mucous Acini

65
Q

gland that lact ducts that secrete products directly into bloodstream

A

endocrine glands

66
Q

gland that secretes product onto epithelial surface via ducts that contain myoepithelial cells

A

exocrine glands

67
Q
A

Exocrine gland

68
Q

lie between secretory cells and basement membrane; assit in secretion

A

myoepithelial cells

69
Q

specialized unicellular exocrine glands that are located in epithelium and secrete mucous

A

goblet cells

70
Q

gland where only the ssecretory product is released

A

merocrine (eccrine)

71
Q

gland that secretes membrane-bound vesicles; product acompanied by some cytoplasm, usually lipid products

A

apocrine

72
Q

gland where entire cell is secreted

A

holocrine

73
Q
A

1: merocrine
2. apocrine
3. holocrine
4. endocrine

Histology (10 decks)

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