Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Cytoskeleton and Cell Division > Flashcards

Cytoskeleton and Cell Division Flashcards

1
Q

provide structural support for plasma membrane & organelles, intracellular movement/transport of substances, cell locomotion, muscle contraction

A

cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

distributed in 3D network throughout cytoplasm; important in maintaining cell shape, facilitate shape changes during movement

A

microfilaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

thin microfilament made of protofilaments that twist together

A

actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

small globular protein monomer that polymerizes to form protofilaments

A

g-actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

polymer form of G-actin

A

protofilaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 protofilaments that twist together to form double helix that combine to form larger actin filaments

A

F-actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

support meshwork formed by actin and filamin that prevents cell from deformation

A

cell cortex (terminal web)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

thick microfilament classified as a motor protein that are long and rod shaped with globular head that form thick, ropy cables and form cross bridges between adjacent filaments

A

myosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

size between microfilaments and microtubules; form large filaments that bind w intracellular structures useful in immunhistochemistry and tumor ID

A

intermediate filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

intermediate filament characteristic of all epithelial cells; forms tonofibrils in epidermis of skin

A

cyto(keratin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

intermediate filaments found in mesodermal cells of messenchymal origin (includes endothelial cells, muscle, & neuroectodermal cells)

A

vimentin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

intermediate filaments unique to muscle cells; mesodermal origin

A

desmin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

intermediate filaments present in nerve cells

A

neurofilament proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

intermediate filaments found in glial (support) cells of nervous system (astrocytes)

A

GFAP- glial fibrillary acidic protein)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

intermediate filament that forms layer on inside of nuclear membrane

A

lamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

larger, composed of 2 globular protein subunits arranged in a coiled, spirall pattern that polymerize to form hollow tubes that readily assemble and disassemble

A

microtubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

9 pairs of microtubules (peripheral doublets) containing dyenin arms arranged in circle w central doublet structrue

A

axoneme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

region of the cell known as the “cell center” near nucleus and function in cell division

A

centrosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

located in centrosome that consists of 9 triplets of microtubules arranged in a cylinder and acts as a nucleation center for microtubules

A

centriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

2 components that make up microtubules

A

alpha and beta tubulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

motor proteins that attach microtubules to organelles allowing movement in cytoplasm

A

dyenin and kinesin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

growth and replication of cell

A

mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

resting phase or time between divisions that occupies most of life of cell- consists of G1, S, and G2 phase

A

interphase

24
Q

longest of cell phases where cell growth, maturation, and differentiation

A

G1 phase

25
Q

increase in cell size that occurs during G1

A

hypertrophy

26
Q

increase in cell size number (mitosis)

A

hyperplasia

27
Q

replication of DNA prior to division; 2n to 4n

A

S phase

28
Q

preparation for mitosis; synthesis of ATP & tubulin for mitotic spindle

A

G2 phase

29
Q

cell division portion of mitosis that forms 2 daughter cells

A

M phase

30
Q

nuclear division

A

karyokinesis

31
Q

cytoplasmic division

A

cytokinesis

32
Q

retain capacity for division with proper stimulus

A

facultative dividers

33
Q

cell lose the capacity to divide

A

terminally differentiated

34
Q

chromosomes visibly condensed, microfilaments & microtubules of cytoskeleton disaggregate, centrioles migrate to piles of cell, form spindle apparatus w interpolar microtubules between them

A

prophase

35
Q

nuclear membrane and nucleoli disappear at end of prophase; mitotic attaches to chromosomes to chromosomes at kinetochore

A

prometaphase (late prophase)

36
Q

chromosomes line up along equator (metaphase plate)

A

metaphase

37
Q

centromeres split apart, chromosomes migrate to opposite ends of cell; pulled by microtubules connecting centriole and kinetochore

A

anaphase

38
Q

mitotic spindle disaggregates, nuclear envelope reassembles, nucleoli reappear, plasma membrane forms cleavage furrow and cytokinesis

A

telophase

39
Q

used to describe proportion of cells in a tissue in mitosis at any given time; important in tumors- estimated by counting # of mitotic figures/HPF

A

mitotic index

40
Q

reproduction division that forms 4 haploid gametes that occurs in germ cells of gonads

A

meiosis

41
Q

first meiotic division results in formation of

A

2 daughter cells

42
Q

crossing over (chiasmata formation) occurs during

A

prophase 1

43
Q

centromeres split during

A

anaphase 2

44
Q

T/F: interphase 2 replicates DNA

A

False

45
Q

T/F: no crossing over during prophase 2

A

True

46
Q

During telophase 2 of meiosis, cytokinesis yields _____

A

4 haploid gametes

47
Q

___ viable sperm are formed in gametogenesis

A

3 or 4

48
Q

_____ viable eggs are formed in gametogenesis

A

1 w 2-3 non-functional polar bodies

49
Q

spermatogenesis begins at ___

A

puberty

50
Q

oogenesis begins at____

A

fetal development

51
Q

programmed cell death

A

apoptosis

52
Q

shrinkage of nuclei seen in apoptosis

A

pyknosis

53
Q

chromatin in nucleus begins to degenerate

A

karyolysis

54
Q

nuclear material begins to fragment and nuclear membrane disintegrates

A

karyorhexis

55
Q

death of cells as a result of inflammation, traumatic injury or pathology

A

necrosis

Histology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions