Epithelial tissue Flashcards
Line the surface/ body cavity
Epithelial tissue
Serves as gland
Epithelial tissue
Elongated cells with extremely fine process
Nervous tissue
Aggregated polyhedral cells
Epithelial tissue
Elongated contractile cells
Muscle tissue
Several types of fixed and wandering cells
Connective tissue
Has very small amount of ECM
Nervous
Small amount of ECM
Epithelial
Moderate ammount of ECM
Muscle
Abundant ECM
Conective tissue
Transmission of nerve impulses
Nervous tissue
Lining of surface or body cavity and for glandular secretion
Epithelial tissue
Strong contraction and body movement
Muscle tissue
Support and protection of tissues and organs
Connective tissue
Most organs can be divided into
Stroma and Parenchyma
Group of cell or tissue responsible for organs specialized functions
Parenchyma
Example of parenchyma
lungs, parenchyma is alveoli
cells that has supporting role in the organ; hold the organ
Stroma
Principal functions of epithelial tissue
- Covering, lining and protecting surfaces (epidermis)
- Absorption (intestinal lining)
- Secretion ( Parenchymal cells of gland)
Specific cells of certain epithelia may be
contractile (Myo epithelial cells) or Specialized sensory cells (taste buds or olfactory epithelium)
Oblong/ rectangular shape
columnar epithelium
circle/square shape
Cuboidal Epithelium
flat
Squamous Epithelium
lines the intestine and stomach
Columnar epithelium
Epidermis type of epithelial tissue
Squamous epithelium
Shape and layer of epithelial tissues are dicatated by
their functions
one layer of epithelial tissue
simple
Multiple layers of epithelial tissue
Stratified
False stratified
Pseudo stratified
Most epithelia rest on
Connective tissue
Contains microvasculature that brings oxygen and nutrients to both tissues
Connective tissue
The connective tissue that underlies the epithelia lining the organs of digestive, respiratory and urinary system
Lamina propria
The area of contact between epithelium between epithelium and CT may be increased by irregularities at the interface in the form of small evaginations called
Papillae
Papillae occurs only in
epithelial tissues subject to frictions like covering of the skin or tongue.
Through____ the oxygen and nutrients from CT goes to ET.`
Diffussion
It divides CT and ET
Basement Membrane
boundary between CT and ET
Basement Membrane
Structure that Epithelial tissue sits on
Basement Membrane
groove
Basement Membrane
All epithelial cells in contact with subjacent CT have at their basal surface a specialized, feltlike sheet of ECM reffered to
Basement Membrane
Found in the part of CT
Papillae
What type of tissue can be found in pappillae
CT
What type of tissue can be found in pulmonary, digestive and urinary system
Lamina Propria
Region of cell contacting CT
Basal pole
The opposite of basal pole, usually facing the space
Apical pole
Regions of cuboidal and columnar cells that joins the neighboring cells
Lateral pole
Semi-permeable filter for substances reaching Epithelial cells from below
Basement Membrane
Completely aposed
ET
spaces between cells
ECM
Basement membrane has 2 layers
Basal lamina and reticular lamina
what part of basement membrane is specifically located below epithelium
Basal lamina
the layer of basement membrane produced by epithelium
Basal lamina
the layer of basement membrane produced by CT
Reticular Lamina
Directly lies above basal lamina and basement membrane
Basal cells
Basal lamina includes
Laminin
Type IV collagen
Nindogen
Large glycoprotein that self assemble as a LACELIKE NETWORK immedietly below the cells basal pole where they are held in place by transmembrane integrins
Laminin
Monomers of __ contains 3 polpeptide chain and self assemble further to form feltlike layer.
Type IV collagen
Laminin
Type IV collagen are held together by the
adhesive glycoprotein entactin/ nindogen and by perlecan a proteoglycan
Adhesions
Tight/occluding junctions/Zonulae occludens
Adherent/anchoring junctions/Desmosomes
Gap junctions/Communicating junctions/ Nexuses
Forms seal between adjacent cells
Tight/occluding junctions/Zonulae occludens
Sites of string cells adhesions
Adherent/anchoring junctions/Desmosomes
Channels for communications between adjacent cells
Gap junctions/Communicating junctions/ Nexuses
lower part
stick to basal lamina
on the basal pole
Hemidesmosomes/ anchoring junctions
Fingerlike cytoplasmic projection in the apical surface of most epithelial cells.
Microvilli
Microvilli has passive movement due to
conraction of terminal web
No. and shape of microvilli of given cell type correlate with
cells absorptive capacity
the internal structure of microvilli contains
core of actin fillaments that are crosslinked by several actin building protein.
purpose of microvilli
increase surface area and absorptive capacity
characteristics of microvilli seen in HNE
brush border
Usually long immotile microvilli
Stereocillia
why stereocillia has passive movement
to facilitate movement of intestinal content
stereocillia can only be seen in
inner ear (indolymph)/ endolymph epididymis (male genitals)
Long highy motile apical structure larger than microvilli and contains internal arrays of microtubules
Cillia
common surface modification present nearly on every cell of the body
Cillia
like extension of apical plasma membrane
Cillia
where can cillia be seen
upper and lower respiratory tract Respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified epithelium)
if the epithelium has white spot is has
goblet cells and it means that it is a respiratory tract
secretes mucus
goblet cells
what moves the trapped germs with the mucus toward the tpo
Cillia
Cilia contains axonyme
9 microtubules outside- for active movemet
2 central microtubule- singlets
2 Types of epithelia
Covering/lining epithelia
Secretory/glandular epithelia
mesothelium
lining of heart, lungs and abdomen
endothelium
lining of blood vessels
transitional cells
eurothelial cells
Secretory epithelia and glands
Goblets
exocrine
endocrine
with duct
exocrine
ductless
products secretes through blood difussion
hormones
endocrine
exocrine
merocrine secretion
apocrine secretion
holocrine secretion
- secretory product is delivered in membrane bound vesicles
- most exocrine are __
- via exocytosis
- salivary gland
merocrine
- Secretory product acumulate in apical part in maturing cells and the it will undergo apoptosis
- ex. sebaceous gland
Holocrine
- Also secretes in apical portion
- sorrounded by thin layer of cytoplasm which envelope plasma membrane
- found in lactating mammary gland
- large lipid droplet in milk
apocrine gland
serous
watery
mucus
mucoid
serous cells produce
glycosylated/nonglycosylated protein
extensive glycosylation of the constituent protein with anionic oligosaccharide
mucus
push the secretory product
contractile epithelial cells
myoepithelial cells
conjunctive
columnar
Bladder, ureter, renal calyces.
transitional
Sweat glands, developing ovarian follicles
cuboidal
mouth, esophagus, larynx, vagina, anal canal
squamous nonkeratinize
skin/epidermis
squamous keratinize
