Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HISTOLOGY > circulatory system > Flashcards

circulatory system Flashcards

1
Q

It pumps and directs blood cells and substances carried in the blood to all tissues of the body.

A

circulatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

it propels blood through the system

A

heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

series of vessels efferent from the heart that become smaller as they branch into the various organs, carry blood to the tissue.

A

arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the smallest vessels

A

capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

sites of C02, O2, nutrients, and waste product exchange between blood and tissue.

A

capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

together with the smallest arterial and venous branches carrying blood to and from them, capillaries in amost every organ form a complex network of thin anastomosing tubule called

A

microvasculature/ microvascular bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

veins

A

Result from convergence of venules into a system of larger channels that continue enlarging as they approach the heart, toward which they carry blood to pump again.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the internal surface of all components of the blood and lymphatic system is lined by a single layer of squamous epithelium called

A

endothelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how many chambers of the heart that contracts rhythmically pumping blood through the circulation

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

propels blood into the pulmonary and systemic circulation

A

right and left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

receives blood from the body and pulmonary vein

A

right and left atria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The wall of all 4 heart chamber consist of 3 major layers

A

internal endocardium
middle myocardium
external epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

endocardium consists of

A

a very thin inner layer of endothelium and supporting connective tissue, a middle myoelastic layer of smooth muscle fibers and connective tissue, and a deep layer of connective tissue called the subendocardial layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

subendocardial layer merges with

A

myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

lined by endothelium

A

endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

1 layer of simple squamous epithelium

A

endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the thickest layer of the heart

A

myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

myocardium, consists

A

mainly of cardiac muscle with its fibers arranged spirally around each heart chamber. Because strong force is required to pump blood through the systemic and pulmonary circulations,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the myocardium is much thicker in the

A

walls of the ventricles, particularly the left, than in the atrial walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The epicardium is a

A

simple squamous mesothelium supported by a layer of loose connective tissue containing blood vessels and nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

layer of the heart that has lots of adipose tissue

A

epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The epicardium corresponds to the

A

visceral layer of the pericardium, the membrane surrounding the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where the large vessels enter and leave the heart, the

A

the epicardium is reflected back as the parietal layer lining the pericardium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

During heart movements, underlying structures are cushioned by

A

deposits of adipose tissue in the epicardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

friction within the pericardium is prevented by lubricant fluid produced by both layers of

A

serous mesothelial cells

26
Q

has selective permeability, has antithrombogenic properties, serves as diapedesis for leukocytes, seccrete variety of paracrine factors for vasodilation, constriction, and growth of adjacent cells.

A

endothelium

27
Q

diapedesis

A

how leukocytes migrate and moves out of the blood vessels and go to diff tissues

28
Q

pulmonary vein

A

oxygenated blood

29
Q

pulmonary arteries carry

A

doexygenated blood

30
Q

major tissue types in 3 layers of the heart

A

cardiac muscle

31
Q

Branches of the heart’s impulse-conducting system, consisting of modified cardiac muscle fibers, are also located in the subendocardial layer.

A

endocardium

32
Q

seen in the Subendocardial layer

A

purkinje fibers

33
Q

part of electrical conducting system of heart

A

purkinje fibers

34
Q

2 layers of pericardium

A

outer visceral and inner parietal

35
Q

fibro serous sac that surrounds the heart and the roots of the great vessel

A

pericardium

36
Q

pericardium consist of

A

serous pericardium and fibrous pericardium

37
Q

serous pericardium consist of ___ which lines the inside of fibrous pericardium

A

outer parietal layer

38
Q

visceral layer adherens to the

A

surface of the heart

39
Q

gitna ng parietal and visceral layer

A

perichardial cavity

40
Q

endocardium corresponds to

A

visceral layer of serous perichardium

41
Q

Dense fibrous connective tissue of the cardiac skeleton forms part of the

A

interventricular and interatrial septa, surrounds all valves of the heart, and extends into the valve cusps and the chordae tendineae to which they are attached

42
Q

cardiac skeleton functions

A

■ Anchoring and supporting the heart valves
■ Providing firm points of insertion for cardiac muscle
■ Helping coordinate the heartbeat by acting as electrical insulation between atria and ventricles

43
Q

between ventricle

A

interverticular septa

44
Q

bet. atria

A

interatrial septa

45
Q

pacemaker

A

SA node/sinoatrial node

46
Q

system

A

SA node/sinoatrial node provide electrical signal—> atrioventricular node—> bundle of HIS (atrioventricular bundle) —>subendocardial conducting netwrok (purkinje fibers)

47
Q

Conducting system of the heart

A

located within a subendocardial layer and adjacent myocardium are modified cardiac mucle cells that are responsible for rythmic contraction.

48
Q

conducting system of the heart consist of specialized myocardial tissue in the

A

right atrium

49
Q

Both parasympathetic and sympathetic neural components innervate the ___. Ganglionic nerve cells and nerve fibers are present in the regions close to the SA and AV nodes, where they affect heart rate and rhythm, such as during physical exercise and emotional stress

A

heart

50
Q

fight or flight response

A

sympathetic

51
Q

rest and digest response

A

parasympathetic

52
Q

modify (not dictate) heart rate and rythm

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic neural component

53
Q

Stimulation of the parasympathetic division (vagus nerve) ____, whereas stimulation of the sympathetic nerve ____

A

slows the heartbeat

accelerates activity of the pacemaker

54
Q

Between fibers of the myocardium are afferent free nerve endings that register

A

pain, such as the discomfort

55
Q

carotid massage

A

stimulate vagus nerve

56
Q

pale staining fibers, larger than adjacent contractile muscle fibers

A

purkinje fibers

57
Q

Walls of all blood vessels except capillaries contain

A

smooth muscle and connective tissue in addition to the endothelial lining.

58
Q

capilliary only has

A

endothelium

59
Q

The amount and arrangement of these tissues (smooth mucle and CT) in vessels are influenced by ________, primarily blood pressure, and metabolic factors reflecting the local needs of tissues

A

mechanical factors

60
Q

The endothelium is a specialized epithelium that acts as a semipermeable barrier between two internal compartments:

A

the blood plasma and the interstitial tissue fluid.

HISTOLOGY (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions