Epistaxis Screencast

Question 1

What are the three sections of the nasal cavity?

Answer 1

2 osteological, 1 cartilaginous = vomer, septal cartilage, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

Question 2

What shape is the septal cartilage?

Answer 2

Quadrilateral

Question 3

What part of the nasal cavity does the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone form?

Answer 3

The superior part of the cavity

Question 4

What are the anterior and posterior ethmoid foramen closely related to?

Answer 4

The orbits of the eyes

Question 5

What may the sphenopalatine foramen appear as?

Answer 5

A slit or fissure between the palatine and sphenoid bones

Question 6

Where is the incisive foramen?

Answer 6

Single midline foramen immediately behind the incisor tooth

Question 7

Where does the incisive foramen give branches to?

Answer 7

The right and left nasal cavities

Question 8

What will any disruption to Kiesselbach’s plexus (Little’s area) cause?

Answer 8

Epistaxis

Question 9

What vessel do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries originate from?

Answer 9

Ophthalmic artery

Question 10

Where do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries pass through to enter the nasal cavity?

Answer 10

Through their respective ethmoidal foramen

Question 11

What is the course of the anterior ethmoidal artery?

Answer 11

Passes through the anterior ethmoidal artery and descends towards the tip of the nose

Question 12

What vessel gives rise to the ophthalmic artery?

Answer 12

Internal carotid artery = one of the first branches given off as the ICA enters the cranial fossa

Question 13

Do the ethmoidal arteries supply both the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and the septum?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

What branches does the maxillary artery give off that supply the nasal cavity?

Answer 14

Sphenopalatine artery and greater palatine artery

Question 15

Where does the sphenopalatine pass through to supply the nasal cavity?

Answer 15

Through the sphenopalatine foramen = supplies septum and lateral wall

Question 16

What part of the nasal cavity gets most of its blood supply from the sphenopalatine artery?

Answer 16

The vomer

Question 17

What artery directly gives off the greater palatine artery?

Answer 17

The descending palatine artery

Question 18

What is the course of the descending palatine artery?

Answer 18

Descends just lateral to the sphenoid bone before branching at the hard palate to give the greater palatine artery

Question 19

What is the course of the greater palatine artery?

Answer 19

Courses inferior to hard palate, then anteriorly towards the incisive foramen before ascending superiorly through this foramen

Question 20

Where does the maxillary artery branch off from the external carotid artery?

Answer 20

Branches off anterior to the auricle (external ear) = is terminal branch of the ECA

Question 21

How many branches does the maxillary artery have?

Answer 21

15 branches

Question 22

Where does the facial artery give off the lateral nasal artery?

Answer 22

Courses through upper lip

Question 23

Where does the facial artery give off the septal branch of the superior labial artery?

Answer 23

Gives branch at septum after coursing along upper lip towards midline

Question 24

What are the branches of the facial artery that supply the nasal cavity?

Answer 24

Lateral nasal artery, septal branch of the superior labial artery

Question 25

What vessel does the facial artery originate from?

Answer 25

The external carotid artery

Question 26

What is the course of the facial artery?

Answer 26

Courses under inferior margin of mandible before coursing up towards the corner of the eye

Question 27

What branches does the facial artery give off as it crosses the mouth?

Answer 27

Inferior and superior labial arteries = one for each lip, anastomose contralaterally

Question 28

What are the five arteries that contribute to Kiesselbach’s plexus?

Answer 28

Anterior ethmoidal artery, posterior ethmoidal artery, septal branch of the superior labial artery, sphenopalatine artery, greater palatine artery