Epistaxis Screencast Flashcards
What are the three sections of the nasal cavity?
2 osteological, 1 cartilaginous = vomer, septal cartilage, perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone
What shape is the septal cartilage?
Quadrilateral
What part of the nasal cavity does the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone form?
The superior part of the cavity
What are the anterior and posterior ethmoid foramen closely related to?
The orbits of the eyes
What may the sphenopalatine foramen appear as?
A slit or fissure between the palatine and sphenoid bones
Where is the incisive foramen?
Single midline foramen immediately behind the incisor tooth
Where does the incisive foramen give branches to?
The right and left nasal cavities
What will any disruption to Kiesselbach’s plexus (Little’s area) cause?
Epistaxis
What vessel do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries originate from?
Ophthalmic artery
Where do the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries pass through to enter the nasal cavity?
Through their respective ethmoidal foramen
What is the course of the anterior ethmoidal artery?
Passes through the anterior ethmoidal artery and descends towards the tip of the nose
What vessel gives rise to the ophthalmic artery?
Internal carotid artery = one of the first branches given off as the ICA enters the cranial fossa
Do the ethmoidal arteries supply both the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and the septum?
Yes
What branches does the maxillary artery give off that supply the nasal cavity?
Sphenopalatine artery and greater palatine artery
Where does the sphenopalatine pass through to supply the nasal cavity?
Through the sphenopalatine foramen = supplies septum and lateral wall
What part of the nasal cavity gets most of its blood supply from the sphenopalatine artery?
The vomer
What artery directly gives off the greater palatine artery?
The descending palatine artery
What is the course of the descending palatine artery?
Descends just lateral to the sphenoid bone before branching at the hard palate to give the greater palatine artery
What is the course of the greater palatine artery?
Courses inferior to hard palate, then anteriorly towards the incisive foramen before ascending superiorly through this foramen
Where does the maxillary artery branch off from the external carotid artery?
Branches off anterior to the auricle (external ear) = is terminal branch of the ECA
How many branches does the maxillary artery have?
15 branches
Where does the facial artery give off the lateral nasal artery?
Courses through upper lip
Where does the facial artery give off the septal branch of the superior labial artery?
Gives branch at septum after coursing along upper lip towards midline
What are the branches of the facial artery that supply the nasal cavity?
Lateral nasal artery, septal branch of the superior labial artery
What vessel does the facial artery originate from?
The external carotid artery
What is the course of the facial artery?
Courses under inferior margin of mandible before coursing up towards the corner of the eye
What branches does the facial artery give off as it crosses the mouth?
Inferior and superior labial arteries = one for each lip, anastomose contralaterally
What are the five arteries that contribute to Kiesselbach’s plexus?
Anterior ethmoidal artery, posterior ethmoidal artery, septal branch of the superior labial artery, sphenopalatine artery, greater palatine artery
