Epilepsy Syndromes and seizure classification Flashcards
What new seizure term replaces “hypermotor” and indicates agitated thrashing or leg pedaling movements?
Hyperkinetic
Gelastic seizures
laughing or crying seizures, associated with hyporhalamichamartomas
Nonepileptic seizures
clinical episodes of movements, behaviors and sensations that may resemble epileptic seizures but not associated with abnormal cortical discharges. Can be confused with frontal lobe seizures, VEEG is crucial for diagnosis
What is the most common cause of temporal lobeepilepsy (TLE)?
mesial temporal sclerosis
What new seizure term replaces “psychic” and refers to cognitive impairments like aphasia, apraxia, neglect, or positive phenomena like déjà vu, jamais vu, illusions, or hallucinations?
cognitive
A seizure type characterized by bursts of crying with or without feelings of sadness is called_________
dacrystic
A seizure characterized at the onset by alterations of systems controlled by the autonomic nervous system
autonomic seizure
Childhood absence epilepsy: what is the onset, seizure type, activation, and first-line medication?
O: 4-8y/o, P: 2-8% of epilepsy population and 13-18% of childhood cohorts w/ female predominance, S: 3-Hz spike and wave, A: HV, FLM: ethosuximide, Valproate, and lamotrigine
Juvenile absence epilepsy: What are the onset, seizure types, and activations?
O: 8-20y/o, S: typical absence, 80% also have GTC, A: HV
What is the age of onset and seizure type in childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes? (formerly benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes or Rolandic epilepsy)
O: 3-14 y/o (peak 8-9), S: sz w/ frontoparietal opercular feature such as hemifacial clonic, laryngeal symptoms, articulation difficult, swallowing or chewing movements, and hyper salivation
Describe the seizure type and interictal EEGfinding in Panayiotopoulos syndrome
S: focal autonomic sz that often prolonged involving nausea,retching, or vomiting or other autonomic changes. I: multifocal high voltagerepetitive spikes or sharp waves; 60% have occipital spikes
Describe the seizure type and interictal EEGfinding in childhood occipital epilepsy (Gastaut type)
S: brief focal sensory visual sz that occur duringwakefulness that may be described as small colored circles and might be followsby ipsilateral head or eye deviation. I: occipital spikes or spike-wavedischarges. In 20% of patients, frontal centrotemporal, or generalizedspike-wave discharges may exist
Describe the age of onset and seizure types in Dravet syndrome
O: usually first year of life, typically around 6 months ,some occur into the 2nd year of life. S: Focal or generalize seizure type. First seizure is febrile in 60% of patients. Hemiclonic sz are common and may involve different sides of the body in different seizures. Patience may develop atypical absence, myoclonic and atonic seizures.
Describe the age of onset, seizure types, and interictal EEG finding in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
O: 8-25 y/o. S: all have myoclonic, commonly after waking. Most (90%) have gtcs, 1/3 have typical absence
Describe the age of onset, initial clinical presentation, and seizure types of Landau-Kleffner syndrome
O: 2-8 y/o (peak 5-7). CP: patients initially present with progressive aphasia, seizures, or both. S: usually infrequent and nocturnal;20-30% of patients don’t have seizure. Patients might have focal, atypical absence, or atonic
