enzymes if digestive system Flashcards
What enzyme is produced in saliva and initiates the breakdown of starch?
Salivary Amylase
Salivary amylase begins the digestive process in the mouth by breaking down starches into simpler sugars.
Where is pepsin produced and what does it react with?
Produced in gastric fluids; reacts with proteins to form smaller polypeptide chains
Pepsin is activated in the acidic environment of the stomach.
What is the role of trypsin in the digestive system?
Converts smaller polypeptide chains into even smaller polypeptide chains
Trypsin is produced by the pancreas and functions in the small intestine.
Fill in the blank: Lipase breaks down lipids into _______ and glycerol.
fatty acids
Lipase is essential for the digestion of dietary fats.
What does pancreatic amylase convert polysaccharides into?
Disaccharides
Pancreatic amylase continues the process of starch digestion in the small intestine.
What is the function of enterokinase?
Activates trypsinogen into trypsin
Enterokinase is secreted in the small intestine and is crucial for protein digestion.
What are erepsins responsible for in the digestive process?
Completes protein digestion by converting polypeptide chains into amino acids
Erepsins are produced in the pancreas and act in the small intestine.
What do peptidases do?
Digest proteins into amino acids
Peptidases are important for breaking down dietary proteins for absorption.
What reaction does maltase catalyze?
Maltose → simple sugars (monosaccharides)
Maltase is produced in the pancreas and acts in the small intestine.
Where is gastrin produced and what is its action?
Produced in the stomach; signals secretion of gastric juices
Gastrin plays a key role in regulating digestive processes.
What is the function of secretin?
Signals pancreas to secrete pancreatic fluids into the small intestine
Secretin is important for regulating the pH of the intestinal contents.
What hormone produced by the pancreas lowers blood glucose levels?
Insulin
Insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells.
What does glucagon do?
Raises blood glucose levels
Glucagon acts to increase blood sugar when levels are low.
What is the role of cholecystokinin in digestion?
Stimulates the gall bladder to secrete bile into the small intestine
Cholecystokinin helps in the emulsification of fats.
