enzymes Flashcards
what is needed for a spontaneous reaction to occur?
break and rebrake bonds with enzymes
what is activation energy?
energy required to distort bonds
what effect do enzymes have on activation energy?
lower it to speed up reaction- entropy remains constant
what do enzyme substrate complexes do?
bind substances to produce product
irreversible- bonds to activation site lowering activation energy
what is induced fit?
active site changes shape to better fit substrate
what is Vmax?
the max rate of rectioon, when all enzymes are saturated with substrate
what is km?
substrate concentration at which half the enzymes are occupied
what is enzyme substrate affinity?
chem reaction mediated by two enzymes
what do small and high km say about enzyme affinity?
high = low affinity small = high affintiy
what are cofactors?
non protein helpers which can be organic or inorganic, help enzyme activity regulation
three examples of enzyme regulators?
phosphorylation
pH and temp
inhibitors
