Citric Acid Cycle

Question 1

where does the citric acid cycle take place?

Answer 1

in the matrix of the mitochondria

Question 2

what are the outputs of the citric acid cycle?

Answer 2

3NADH and FADH2

Question 3

how is ATP synthesised?

Answer 3

by substrate level phosphorylation

Question 4

what are the first three stages of the citric acid cycle?

Answer 4

1. carbons released from oxaloacetate and not acetyl co a
2. citrate to isocitrate by removing and adding H2O
3. oxidation reduction with generation of NADH2

Question 5

what are the middle three stages of citric acid cycle?

Answer 5

1. substrate GTP synthesises ATP by transferring phosphate
2. FAD reduced to FADH2
3. each glucose generates 2 of each molecule i.e. two pyruvates

Question 6

two aspects of oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 6

electron transport chain; glycolysis 2 NADH, acetyl coA 2 NADH, TCA cycle 6 NADH and 2 FADH
synthesis of ATP

Question 7

three examples of carriers in inner membrane?

Answer 7

flavoproteins
ctochromes
ubiquinone

Question 8

what is chemiosmosis?

Answer 8

atp synthase to generate atp
protons pumoed out and so ph drops due to higher concerntration of h ions , must travel back through atp synthase = oxidative phosphorylation

Question 9

how many atp does the oxidation of i NADH and FADH2 produce?

Answer 9

3 and 2`

Question 10

how many atp do NADH form?

Answer 10

6

Question 11

what happens if oxygen is not present?

Answer 11

pyruvate remains in the cytosol