Cell Signalling Flashcards
what is local signalling?
communication by direct contact
travel short distances
example of long distance signal?
hormones
three types of communication?
autocrine
paracrine
endocrine
what is autocrine?
cell targets itself
what is paracrine?
cell targets nearby cell
what is endocrine?
cell targets through bloodstream
three stages of signal transduction?
reception
transduction
response
what do GTPase ensymes do?
mediate hydrolysis of GTP
what do GEF preoteins do?
mediate exchange of GDP for GTP, switchong on GTPase enzyme
When do you know the GTPase is active/inactive?
GDP on = inactive
GTP on = active
what does kinase do?
adds a phosphate
what do phosphatase do?
removes a phosphate
what is the stages of amplification of a cell signal?
activation of one receptor = activates 3 adenylyl cyclase which activates kinases to add phophates
three outcomes of cell signalling?
change in metabolic enzyme
gene regulatory protein
change in cytoskeleton proteins
three examples of receptors?
g-prtoein coupled receptors
receptor tyrosine kinases
ion channel receptors
