Enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

What a e enzymes needed for?

A

There are millions of chemical reactions happening every second which are all catalysed by enzymes
They are used to break down larger molecules
Used in the digestive system

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2
Q

What are the endings for enzymes and sugars?

A
  • ase - enzyme

- ose - sugar

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3
Q

What do enzymes sometimes do?

A

Make small molecules into larger ones

Turn one molecule into another

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4
Q

What are the properties of enzymes?

A
All proteins
Each enzyme catalysed only one reaction
Used multiple times
Influenced by temperature
Influenced by PH
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5
Q

What are enzymes made from

A

Long protein strands

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6
Q

What is a substrate?

A

A molecule that enzymes work on

They have a specific shape

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7
Q

How do the substrate and and enzyme fit together?

A

Each enzyme is folded into a shape which allows the substrate to fit into the are of the active site

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8
Q

What is the active site?

A

Where the reaction occurs

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9
Q

What happens after the optimum pH or temperature?

A

The enzyme is denature

The substrate no longer fits the substrate

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10
Q

How do you test the temperature?

A

Water bath
Diastase and starch solution
Combine
Add iodine

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11
Q

Why does temp affect pH?

A

Particles gain more energy and move quicker

When they move faster they are more likely to coll ide

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12
Q

What is the optimum temp in humans?

A

37

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13
Q

What happens when an enzyme is denatured

A

The bonds start to break
Changes in the shape of the enzyme
It isn’t killed as it was never alive

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14
Q

What is the optimum pH of pepsin

A

2

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15
Q

What is the optimum pH of amylase?

A

7

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16
Q

What is the optimum pH of pancreatic lipase?

A

9

17
Q

What are enzymes?

A

Proteins that act as a catalyst in biological reactions