enzymes Flashcards
what are enzymes
enzymes are complex protein molecules that speed up biochemical reactions in living organisms
what are they referred to
they are referred to as biological catalyst because they are not used up in a chemical reaction
catalyst is something that speeds up the rate at which a chemical reaction makes place
what two types of reactions do enzymes speed up
anabolic (boiling new molecules )
catabolic (breaking down)
explain the lock and key method
lock and key diagram
the substrate molecule fits into the active site of the enzyme
this will form an enzyme substrate complex
the substrate molecule breaks up
the product is formed and released
the enzyme remains unchanged
what is enzymes sensitive to
pH
tempreture
a) what do very high temperatures do to enzymes
b ) what temperature to enzymes function bets in
c ) what does low temperatures do to enzymes
a) very high temperatures denature enzymes by affecting its unique shape and acted site
te enzyme can no longer fit with its substrate and the chemical reaction ceases
b) they function best in its optimum temperature
c) low temperatures tend to inactivate enzymes
wat happens to an enzyme when its exposed to a pH outside its pH range
it tends to become denatured
the effectiveness of the enzyme falls sharply
what is pH
its is the measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
how does an enzyme work
it works from a high concentration to a low concentration
