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OT 726- Low vision > Environments > Flashcards

Environments Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary sense used to gather environmental information?
A) Hearing
B) Touch
C) Vision
D) Smell

A

C

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2
Q

Which type of perception involves conscious attention to specific visual information?
A) Peripheral perception
B) Central perception
C) Focal perception
D) Sensory perception

A

C

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3
Q

In a static environment, objects are:
A) Moving with the performer
B) Fixed in place
C) Constantly changing
D) Invisible to the performer

A

B

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4
Q

Dynamic environments require the performer to match movement to which features?
A) Spatial only
B) Temporal only
C) Both spatial and temporal
D) Neither spatial nor temporal

A

C

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5
Q

The most challenging type of environment is:
A) Static, familiar, and simple
B) Novel, dynamic, and complex
C) Familiar, dynamic, and simple
D) Static, novel, and simple

A

B

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6
Q

Familiar environments:
A) Require the same amount of vision as novel environments
B) Can often be navigated via kinesthetic awareness
C) Never require the use of vision
D) Are typically more challenging than novel environments

A

B

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7
Q

Which regulatory condition refers to the nature of the support surface, such as uneven pavement?
A) Sensory
B) Physical
C) Cognitive
D) Emotional

A

B

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8
Q

How does sound assist navigation for individuals with visual impairments?
A) By enhancing tactile perception
B) By creating obstacles
C) By providing auditory cues like footfalls or traffic sounds
D) By eliminating background noise

A

C

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9
Q

Luminance refers to:
A) Brightness of the environment
B) Quality of sound
C) Temperature of surfaces
D) Movement of objects

A

A

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9
Q

Which sensory condition can limit endurance and concentration?
A) Tactual
B) Auditory
C) Temperature
D) Olfactory

A

C

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10
Q

A travel obstacle is defined as:
A) An easily detected obstruction in the line of travel
B) A hazard that cannot be seen
C) A moving object in the environment
D) A fluctuating environmental factor

A

A

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11
Q

Poor contrast in an environment:
A) Enhances performance
B) Diminishes performance
C) Has no effect on performance
D) Only affects auditory tasks

A

B

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12
Q

Monochromatic environments provide:
A) High contrast
B) Little contrast
C) Moderate contrast
D) Dynamic patterns

A

B

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13
Q

What happens to the lens of the eye by age 60?
A) It transmits 100% of light
B) It becomes less sensitive to glare
C) It transmits only 20% of light
D) It allows for faster dark-light adaptation

A

C

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14
Q

Clients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) prefer illumination levels of:
A) 100-150 lux
B) 500-1000 lux
C) 5290-7534 lux
D) 10,000-20,000 lux

A

C

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15
Q

Glare can be minimized by:
A) Increasing the number of light sources
B) Covering reflective surfaces
C) Using more direct lighting
D) Eliminating all types of artificial light

A

B

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15
Q

What is a LuxIQ lighting prescription system used for?
A) Assessing sound levels in an environment
B) Determining the brightness required for maximum reading acuity
C) Measuring the speed of information processing
D) Evaluating mobility challenges in a dynamic environment

A

B

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16
Q

Which factor does not contribute to evenness of illumination?
A) Shadows
B) Glare
C) Brightness
D) Reflective surfaces

A

C

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17
Q

To improve contrast in key structures, what level of contrast is generally best?
A) 100% black on white
B) 50% grayscale
C) Blue on red
D) White on yellow
20. Travel hazards in fluctuating

A

A

18
Q

Travel hazards in fluctuating environments might include:
A) Shadows hiding a surface
B) Clearly visible obstacles
C) Consistent lighting conditions
D) Stationary objects

A

A

19
Q

Clients with vision impairments need to be trained to interact with which type of environment?
A) Only indoor environments
B) Controlled environments like their homes
C) Both controlled and uncontrolled environments
D) Environments with no regulatory conditions

A

C

20
Q

Environmental assessments should consider the interaction of which three elements?
A) Task, object, and environment
B) Person, task, and environment
C) Object, obstacle, and hazard
D) Time, speed, and space

A

B

21
Q

For individuals with visual impairments, adequate/good quality illumination should include:
A) Low brightness levels
B) High levels of glare
C) Even distribution of light
D) Only indirect lighting

A

C

22
Q

Why is aging in place beneficial for older adults with visual impairments?
A) They require less vision in familiar environments
B) Novel environments improve their cognitive abilities
C) It decreases their kinesthetic awareness
D) It requires more complex visual processing

A

A

22
Q

A well-designed environment for clients with low vision should:
A) Increase visual distractions to build resilience
B) Reduce visual distractions and improve contrast
C) Focus solely on improving auditory cues
D) Be completely monochromatic

A

B

23
Q

Which of the following describes focal perception?

A) Conscious attention to global composition of the environment
B) Unconscious monitoring of verticality and spatial relations
C) Conscious attention to specific visual information for task completion
D) Unconscious gathering of environmental data
A

C

24
Q

What is an example of a fluctuating environment?

A) A library
B) An icy sidewalk
C) A classroom
D) A familiar living room
A

B

24
Q

Peripheral perception primarily helps with:

A) Object identification
B) Decision-making
C) Monitoring verticality and orientation for safety
D) Establishing a goal for movement
A

C

25
Q

Which environment does not require the use of timing?

A) Dynamic environment
B) Static environment
C) Complex environment
D) Fluctuating environment
A

B

26
Q

Which feature of the environment could increase cognitive load?

A) Familiarity
B) Pattern and clutter
C) Even illumination
D) Low contrast
A

B

27
Q

A moving background pattern makes it more difficult to:

A) Monitor spatial and temporal features
B) Identify a static target
C) Move toward the target
D) Both A and C
A

D

28
Q

What is an example of a physical regulatory condition that can facilitate performance?

A) Background noise
B) A well-placed handrail
C) A dimly lit hallway
D) Loud traffic sounds
A

B

29
Q

What is a challenge that monochromatic environments present?

A) Reduced glare
B) Enhanced visibility of objects
C) Little to no contrast, making objects hard to see
D) Easy navigation due to uniform coloring
A

C

30
Q

In a dimly lit room, which sensory regulatory condition is primarily affected?

A) Tactile
B) Visual
C) Auditory
D) Olfactory
A

B

31
Q

Which lighting recommendation is generally not met in home environments for older adults?

A) Full-spectrum lighting
B) Incandescent lighting
C) Sufficient illumination for safety and task performance
D) Glare-free lighting
A

C

32
Q

What should be assessed in an environmental analysis for clients with visual impairments?

A) Person-task-environment interaction
B) Speed of cognitive processing
C) Auditory focus
D) Emotional response to the environment
A

A

33
Q

Which of the following can act as a facilitator for occupational performance in low vision clients?

A) Poor contrast
B) Glare from surfaces
C) Properly placed signage
D) Visual clutter
A

C

34
Q

How can indirect light assist in improving the visibility of the environment?

A) By eliminating shadows completely
B) By reflecting off surfaces to enhance evenness of illumination
C) By minimizing the need for contrast
D) By being brighter than direct light
A

B

35
Q

What is one major factor that can obscure detail in an environment?

A) Even lighting
B) Shadows
C) Direct sunlight
D) Familiarity with the space
A

B

36
Q

What is the main role of tactual guides in a modified environment?

A) To reinforce spatial memory
B) To assist with orientation in a space
C) To reduce visual distraction
D) To increase visual acuity

A

B

37
Q

An architectural or environmental obstruction in the line of travel that is not easily detected

A

Travel Hazard

38
Q

An architectural or environmental obstruction in the line of travel that is easily detected and negotiated

A

Travel Obstacle

39
Q

Name at least two environmental qualities to assess in any setting diminish participation:

A
  • Travel hazards
  • Fluctuating environments
  • Complex environments
  • Monochromatic environments
  • Poor and uneven illumination
  • Insufficient/poor signage
40
Q

Create visible environments that allow the individual to safely and independently complete daily activities

A

Environmental Modification

41
Q

By what age does the lens transmit only 20% of light?

Older adults require two to three times more light

A

60

42
Q

Name two methods for brightness:

A
  • Get a stronger light
  • Move the light source closer to the surface
43
Q

Name two methods to help minimize glare off of shiny surfaces:

A
  • Cover surfaces
  • Light positioning
  • Outdoors- use of hat, UV Shields

OT 726- Low vision (10 decks)

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