Environmental Hazards Flashcards
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for carbon monoxide?
Effects: headaches, nausea and lethargy, sluggishness of mental processes or mental confusion and unconsciousness.
Gives blood cherry red colouration apparent on the lips, finger nails and cheeks
Immediate treatments: cut off source and open all air vents. Body returns to normal after breathing in uncontaminated air - if not treated can be fatal
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for fuel, lubricant and hydraulic oils?
Effects: causes pain on exposure to the eye, leads to polluted air, can be absorbed into the blood flow if there is repeated exposure on the skin.
Immediate treatments: wash out with water in eyes, clean skin which has been contaminated
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for chemical sprays?
Effects: Includes pesticides, in the short term can cause headaches and nausea, long term can cause cancer and reproductive harm.
Immediate treatments: clean contaminated areas on skin
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for compressed gases?
Effects: oxygen is highly flammable so should be kept away from open flames or sparks. Under pressure is reacts explosively with grease, oils and other lubricants - don’t smoke near aircraft’s.
Immediate actions: fire extinguisher.
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for liquid oxygen?
Effects: highly flammable
Immediate actions: remove contaminated clothes
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for de-icing fluids?
Made up of ethylene and glycol, can affect the eye and respiratory tracts, if ingested the central nervous system, the heart and the kidneys. Can be fatal, due to it being odourless and hard to detect.
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for fire extinguishing agents and fire accelerant substances?
- They deplete air around of oxygen therefore risk of hypoxia, possibly fatal. Cabin areas must be vented with fresh air after using the fire extinguishers
- Powder extinguishers can irritate the skin and line the lungs
- High vapour pressures and low flash points - leads them to igniting easily when mixed with the correct air/fuel ratio, can readily explode.
- Prolonged or repeated exposure on the skin can result in it being absorbed into the blood flow, all are toxic
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for ozone?
- “Electrical” smell
- At the top of descent when the power is reduced, the temperature drops and the ozone levels can be high enough to be noticeable for a brief time.
Symptoms: headache, coughing and irritation to the eyes, nose, mouth and throat.
Treatment: Breathe through a mouse towel or transfer to oxygen
What are the symptoms, effects and immediate treatments for solar radiation?
- Sunlight falling on the Earth = 58% infrared, 40% visible light and 2% UV
- those who have fair skin, under 6 and over 60 are at more rick to the effects of UV rays
- These include: sunburn, photokeratitis (snow blindness) and cumulative exposure can increase the risk of some cancers
Prevention: wearing a SPF sunscreen, wearing suitable sunglasses
What are the sources of carbon monoxide poisoning in GA aircraft?
- Piston engine exhausts
- Faulty cabin heating
What are reliable methods for the detection of carbon monoxide?
Carbon monoxide indicators
What are methods of elimination carbon monoxide from the cockpit?
- Engineering tests done regularly on piston aircraft, If detected, shut off the source and ope all fresh air vents.
What are the negative effects of vibration and resonance?
- Vibration is cause by mechanical parts or loose items in the cockpit/poor design
- Noise vibration are not dangerous but can become fatiguing and effect in flight performance.
What are ways that vibration can be controlled?
Isolate human from source:
- Away from the propeller
- Special cushion material
- Seats designed to reduce vibration
- On twin engine aircraft, keep the propellers synced
