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ENVIRONMENTAL ENGG Flashcards

1
Q

DAO 2016-08

A

Water quality guidelines and general effluent standards 2016

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2
Q

Clean Water Act of 2004

A

RA 9275

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3
Q

Ecological Solid waste management act

A

RA 9003

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4
Q

Toxic substances and hazardous waste management Act

A

RA 6969

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5
Q

National water and air pollution control emission act

A

RA 3931

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6
Q

Clean Air act of 1999

A

RA 8749

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7
Q

Public Water supply class I- intended primarily for waters having watersheds which are uninhabited and/or otherwise declares as protected areas

A

CLASS AA

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8
Q 
Public water supply class II
Source of water supply requiring conventional treatment to meet PNSDW
A

Class A

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9
Q

Recreational water class I for bathing, swimming, primary contact recreation

A

Class B

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10
Q

Fishery water for the propagation and growth of fish and ther aquatic resources
for boating, fishing, or similar activities

A

Class C

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11
Q

Navigable waters

A

Class D

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12
Q

Protected waters- national or local marine parks

Suitable for shellfish harvesting for direct human consumption

A

Class SA

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13
Q

Water suitable for commercial propagation of shellfish

A

Fishery Water class II

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14
Q

Fishery water class II, Tourist sones, recreational water class I

A

Class SB

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15
Q

Generic term used to describe things that are thrown away

A

Solid waste

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16
Q

Animal and vegetable waste resultinf from the handling, preparation, cooking and serving of food

A

Putrescible water

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17
Q

Durable and non durabel goods, containers, packaging, food wastes, etc

A

Municipal solid waste

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18
Q

Reprocessingn of wastes to recover an original raw material

A

Recycling

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19
Q

Use of recycled producrs to make the same or similar products

A

Closed loop or primary recycling

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20
Q

Use of recycled materials to make new products with different characteristics than the original

A

Secondary recycling

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21
Q

Recovery of chemicals or energy from post consumer waste materials

A

Tertiary recycling

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22
Q

Plastic classification of soft drinks, water and beer bottles

A

PETE

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23
Q

Juice bottles, bleach, shampoo bottles

recyclable
no risk leaching

A

HDPE

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24
Q

Window cleaner, detergent bottles, cooking oil bottles

recyclable
not usable for drinking water

A

PVC

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25
Q

Recyclable, no risk of leaching harmful chemicals

A

LDPE

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26
Q

High melting point (yogurt containers, ketchup bottles, straw

A

Polypropylene

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27
Q

Plates and cups, compact disc cases, non recyclable, can leach potential toxins into food

A

Polystyrene

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28
Q

Not usable for drinking water, can leach bisophenol A

A

OTHER NO.7

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29
Q

Controlled decomposition of organic materials by microorganisms

A

composting

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30
Q

Chemical reaction in which elements in the fuel (solid waste) are oxidized in the presence of excess oxygen

A

Combustion

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31
Q

Thermal processing of a material in the absence of oxygen

A

Pyrolisis

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32
Q

Partial combustion in which a fuel is burned with less than a stoichiometeic amount of oxygen

A

Gasification

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33
Q

Land disposal site

A

Landfill

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34
Q

Liquid that passes through the landfill, extracts dissolved and suspended matter from the waste material

A

Leachate

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35
Q

Used to determine the amount of leachate to leave the landfill

A

Darcy Law

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36
Q

Poses substantial danger, now or in the future to human, plant or animal life and must be handled or disposed with special precautions

A

Hazardous waste

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37
Q

Contaminant by product that may be thermally generated during manufacture or burning of chlorophenols

A

Dioxins

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38
Q

Agent orange

A

pesticides

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39
Q

Class of organic chemicals produced by chlorination of a biphenyl molecule

A

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

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40
Q

Mass transfer process employed in the physical treatment of waste in which gas vapors or chemicals in solution are held to a solid by intermolecular forces

A

Carbon adsorption

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41
Q

Waste stream containing ion to be removed is passed through a bed of resin

A

Ion exchange

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42
Q

Process used to minimize rate of contaminant migration

A

Stabilization/Solidification/Concretization

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43
Q

Excavated or diked areas used to store liquid hazardous wastes

A

Surface Impoundments

44
Q

Method of disposal whereby wastes are pumped into geologically secure formations well below drinking water aquifers

A

Deep well injection

45
Q

non containerized accumulation of solid hazardous waste used for temporary storage

A

Waste piles

46
Q

Property of water that tends to scatter and absorb light rays due to the presence of small suspended particles

47
Q

Equivalent to the interface in the passage of light caused by a suspension of 1mg/L silica

A

One Turbidity Unit

48
Q

TU range for clear lake

49
Q

muddy lake

50
Q

Clear water

51
Q

Crystal clear water

52
Q

Equipment used to measure turbidity

A

Nephelometers and jackson candle turbidimeter

53
Q

property that dictates survival of aquatic life forms

A

Temperature

54
Q

One color unit is equivalent to

A

Color produced by a 1 mg/L solution of platinum

55
Q

Process of converting ammonia into more stable nitrite and nitrate forma of nitrogen

A

Nitrification

56
Q

oxygen consumption due to oxidation of C

A

Carbonaceous BOD

57
Q

oxygen consumption due to oxidation oncor N

A

Nitrogenous BOD

58
Q

Strong oxidizing agent commonly used to determine chemical oxygen demand

A

potassium dichromate

59
Q

The coarser fraction of the suspended solids that readily settle out because of gravity

A

Settleable solids

60
Q

Residue after burning at 550 C

A

Fixed solids

61
Q

Gives an indication of the organic loading on biological treatment of units

62
Q

used to express the properties of certain highly mineralized waters

63
Q

Hardness of water is measured in terms of

A

Calcium carbonate

64
Q

Impart bitter taste in water

A

Fe2+ and Mn2+

65
Q

Causes brown or black stains on laundry and plumbing fixtures

A

Fe3+ and Mn3+

66
Q

Non toxic in small concentration but cause undesirable taste

67
Q

causes salty taste at high concentration and may be an indicattion of sewage pollution at 500 ppm concn in fresh water

68
Q

When chlorine reacts with organics in water, it will form_____

A

Trihalomethanes, THM

69
Q

Acidity is caused by

A

Dissolved CO2 in water

70
Q

Membrane filter method, multiple tube feementation method

A

Test for coliforms

71
Q

Statistical method for determining microbial populations

A

Most probably number ( MPN)

72
Q

Technique used to determine MPN

A

multiple dilution tube technique

73
Q

Performed to retain solids found in wastewater

74
Q

Grind up coarse solids in raw wastewater without removinf them from flow

A

Comminutors

75
Q

Technique used to overcome the operational problems caused by variations in influent- wastewater flow rate

A

Flow equalization

76
Q

Shallow ponds where dissolved Oxygen is maintained throughout depth

A

Aerobic ponds

77
Q

pond oxygenated by surface or diffused air aeration

A

Aerated lagoons

78
Q

Zones in facultative ponds

A

Upper zone: aerobic
Middle zone: Facultative
Lower zone: Anaerobic

79
Q

Used for polishing effluents from a biological processes; DO is furnished through photosynthesis and surface re-aeration

A

Maturation and tertiary ponds

80
Q

Consists of a series of closely spaced discs mounted on a horizontal shaft and rotated

A

Rotating biological contactors

81
Q

Shallow pools for storm or wastewater treatment that create growing conditions suitable for wetland plants

A

Natural/ Constructed wetlands

82
Q

Remocal of P and enhancement of suspended solid removals in primary sedimentation facilities

A

Chemical precipitation

83
Q

Most common chemical agent used in disinfection

84
Q

All atmospheric particles in the atmosphere with diameters equal to or less than 100 micrometers

A

Total suspended particles

85
Q

Reddish brown gas with an odorless, pungent smell

86
Q

Sources of this pollutant is entirely from atmospheric reactions and are not direct emissions from either people or nature

A

Photochemical oxidants

87
Q

Gas that when inhaled, reduces oxygen transport in the body

A

Carbon Monoxide

88
Q

It used to be the main anti knock componen of gasoline

89
Q

Main CFCs

A

CFC-11 and CFC-12

90
Q

Air toxics

A

Hazardous Air pollutants (HAPs)

91
Q

7 original HAPs between 1970 to 1990

A

asbestos, arsenic, benzen, beryllium, mercury, vinyl chloride, radionuclide

92
Q

Currently, there are ______ HAPs

93
Q

Most abundant product chemicals in the world

A

BTEX ( benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene)

94
Q

Change in air temp with height

A

Lapse rate

95
Q

Tendency of the atmosphere to resist or engance vertical motion

96
Q

Thermal structure neither enhances nor resists mechanical turbulence

A

Neutral atmosphere

97
Q

Lapse rate of neutral atmosphere

A

Dry adiabatic lapse rate= -1.00C/100m

98
Q

Mechanical turbulence is enhanced by the thermal structure

A

Unstable atmosphere

99
Q

Lapse rate of unstable atmosphere

A

Superadiabatic lapse rate

100
Q

Thermal structure inhibits mechanical turbulences (anticyclones)

A

Stable atmosphere

101
Q

Lapse rate of stable atmosphere

A

Subadiabatic

102
Q

Unburned particles of carbon in smole are pulled out of the smoke by using the static electricity in the precipitators, leaving clean, hot air to escape the smokestacks

A

Electrostatic precipitators

103
Q

Used when particulate matter to be collected is wet, corrosive or very hot

A

Liquid scrubber

104
Q

type of system used to remove harmful materials from industrial exhaust gases

105
Q

used to convert VOC emissions into carbon dioxide and water through combustion

A

Incineration

106
Q

Process of capturing CO2 and storing it below ground, pumping it into geologic layers

A

Carbon capture and storage

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