Environmental cues Flashcards
What is the concept of the extended phenotype?
-Dawkins: the effect a gene has on its environment, inside or outside of the organism’s body.
How can cues indicate a person’s personality?
- individuals select and create their physical environments to reinforce their personality
- observers are able to use information from everyday environments to form an impression of the occupant
How are stereotypes helpful?
- used to fill in information gaps
What is Brun
- there are underlying constructs that we want to discover e.g. occupant’s real C
- then there is the observer’s judgment e.g. rating of occupant’s C.
- then there are cues (but how many cues are valid?–> how many actually point to observer accuracy?)
- cue utilzation (are these cues being used appropriately e.g. how much the cue utilization leads to cue validity).
What are the two levels of personality expression?
- areas that are of low control e.g. nationality
- areas that are of high control e.g. passwords, underwear
What did Sam Gosling say are the three different types of features in our environment?
- identity claims
What do identity claims suggest about our personality?
- decorations that don’t serve a functional purpose but are non-random e.g. posters, award; can be directed towards self or others (e.g. in closet or not)
What do feeling regulators serve in our environment?
- help manage emotions and thoughts
e. g. family photos, room ambience, music selection
What do behavioural residuals refer to?
- physical traces left in the environment by our actions
- best observed in places where people spend a lot of time
e. g. rubbish
Describe the “The Bedroom Study”
- self and friend rated personality
- team of snoopers go into rooms and rate BIG-5 personality
- team of coders record features of the room
Which cues are actually valid to correctly identify personality in bedrooms?
The most valid cues to personality facets are Openness and Conscientiousness (also N)
Openness: valid cues- distinctivee space, variety of books, music, magazines,
Invalid cues- decorated and cluttered, variety of music
Conscientiousness: valid cues: well lit spaces, uncluttered space, organised, neat and comfortable
invalid cues: cheerful and colourful, good condition,
What does Brunswick’s model of environmental cues suggest?
- referred to as the lens model
- concerned with the ecological validity of perceptual cues and the need to understand environment
- sees the process as bottom up, with the person reacting as a physiological organism.
What were some valid cues for agreeableness in the office field guide?
- high-traffic location
How were exraversion and openness validly detected in the work space?
- amount of decorations and personalisation signalled these facets
What were some conclusions based on first impressions?
- they count to a degree
- Extraversion was the most observable and easy to judge trait
- spontaneous condition offers more valid cues
