Environment

Question 1

What is decolonization?

Answer 1

The process of decolonization isa process of healing and moving away from a place of anger, loss, and grief toward a place where Indigenous Peoples can thrive.

It changes the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Peoples; ending settlers effect on: government, ideologies, religion, culture, education.

It requires an understanding from Canadians that our country was built on the displacement, the colonization of Indigenous Peoples.

Question 2

What is indigenization?

Answer 2

“Culturally responsive curriculum and pedagogy”; acknowledging the invisibility of Indigenous Peoples and their knowledge within an institutional framework; recognizing and valuing Indigenous worldviews, culture– their way of knowing, being, doing; the sharing of Indigenous knowledge, stories, perspectives in the education system

Question 3

What is reconciliation?

Answer 3

“Reconciliation is an ongoing process through which Indigenous peoples and the Crown work cooperatively to establish and maintain a mutually respectful framework for living together, with a view to fostering strong, healthy, and sustainable Indigenous nations within a strong Canada.”

Question 4

Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada – in 2015, 94 Calls to Action

Answer 4

“actionable policy recommendations meant to aid the healing process in two ways: acknowledging the full, horrifying history of the residential schools system, and creating systems to prevent these abuses from ever happening again in the future.”

Question 5

What is “Guardienship of the Land”?

Answer 5

Indiginious communties maintain the connection to the land. Through their cultural practices we can gain better insight on how to protect the earth and negate the effects of Climate Change. They need to be recognized as key players in the fight against Climate stabalization and put into leadership roles.

Question 6

Indigenious world vs western world views

Answer 6

Question 7

Indigenous world vs Western views part 2

Answer 7

Question 8

Stress reduction hypothesis

Answer 8

Spending time in nature triggers a physiological response that lowers stress levels (downregulates the HPA axis)

Question 9

Biophilia hypothesis

Answer 9

Humans have an innate, ancestral connection to the land, and reliance on the land for survival

Question 10

Attention restoration theory

Answer 10

Nature restores our mental processes, our ability to concentrate and pay attention

Question 11

Benifits of nature

Answer 11

-Increase endorphins levels and dopamine production
-Lowered blood pressure and reduced cortisol.
-Reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression, increased feelings of calmness
-Restores capacity for concentration and attention/learning.
-Reduces feelings of isolation.
-Greater sense of purpose
-More generouse, kind with others

Question 12

What is the “awe” effect of nature?

Answer 12

Feeling that we are part of something much bigger than us

Question 13

Sensory efffects of Ecophysiology…

Answer 13

Question 14

What are Phytoncides

Answer 14

-Anti-fungal/bacterial release from plant life.

-Potentially help with lung related issues.

-End up within the bloodstream that help to activate and improved immune response.

Question 15

What are negative air ions?

Answer 15

Negative charged air particles that tend to benifit the body. In areas near water.

Antioxident property when breathed into the body.

May help oxygen dilivery to the brain.

Question 16

Microorganisms (Mycobacterium vaccae)

Answer 16

A bacteria that can be in the air or soil. They can help change the saratonin levels in the body (Increase)

Question 17

How many hours a week should you be in nature to recieve its benifits?

Answer 17

At least 120 minutes. Does not have to be all together.

Question 18

What are some ways that where you live affects your overall health?

Answer 18

Question 19

What are urban forests?

Answer 19

Urban forests (UF) are a part of an area’s green infastructure (natural or man-aged spaces including fields, parks, bodies of water)

Question 20

UF and biodiversity predicts the level of ecosystem services an area receives…

Answer 20

-financial: property values, tourists and shops,
-socioemotional: safety, community cohesion,
-physical/mental health: level of adiposity, mortality risk, mental illness
-global warming: urban heat island

Question 21

What are potential benifits of having learning envirnments in schools that include time in the outdoors?

Answer 21

-learning environments in schools that include time in the outdoorswhereM. vaccaeis present may decrease anxiety and improve the ability to learn new tasks

Question 22

How can nature potentially be benificial to people suffering from loneliness or social isolation?

Answer 22

Nature might help to buffer the effects of loneliness or social isolation: people with low social connectedness had high levels of nearby nature, they reported high levels of well­being

Question 23

What is environmental racism?

Answer 23

It is the disproportionate siting or location of toxic industries in communities of [People of ] Colour, Indigenous and the working poor…lacking in access and political resources…voiceless.

Question 24

What are the effects of climate change on health?

Answer 24

Question 25

What are heat domes?

Answer 25

Heat domes:

Longer duration of heat waves at higher temperatures, with less decrease of evening temperatures. In the past, they would last a couple of days. Present-future 7+days at hotter temperatures.

Question 26

What is an Urban Heat Island?

Answer 26

Urban heat island is a concentrated area within a city with more condensed buildings, more pavement, less vegetation. Temperature is warmer than outlying rural areas. It can be 3-10 degrees warmer in ”core” of the city centre vs suburban/rural areas

Question 27

What is a 15-min city?

Answer 27

Six basicsocial functionsthat occur close to one’s home:
Living,
Working
Commerce
Healthcare
Education
Entertainment

Question 28

What are the benefits of a 15-min city?

Answer 28

Increased physical activityfrom active transportation opportunities leading to health benefits andpreventionof chronic diseases.

Increasedsocial connectionswhere residents are more likely to know their neighbours, trust others and participate in community life.

Improved street safety andreduced injuryfrom more pedestrian-friendly sidewalks, andslowertraffic speed. Improved independence for seniors, children, and people with disabilities if developed with an inclusion lens.
Increased neighbourhoodsatisfactionand liveabilityfrom improved access to amenities and public transportation in mixed-use neighbourhoods.

Increasedeconomic activityin mixed-use neighbourhoods.

Improved sustainabilityfrom reduced vehicle use, reducingcarbon emissionsbenefiting air quality.