Enterococcus Flashcards
gram, shape, arrangement, catalase, lancefield, respiration, capsule, motility
-gram positive
-cocci
-pairs or short chains
-catalase negative
-lancefield group D antigens
-facultative anaerobes
-non capsulated (some species)
-most are non motile
growth media
-blood agar – non hemolytic (gamma)
-bile esculin azide agar – 40% bile esculin, produce dark colonies
-MacConkey agar – ferment lactose, small dark red colonies
-high salt media
-Kenner fecal agar media
what is selective media for enterococcus
Kenner fecal agar media
highly resistant
-member of ESKAPE
habitat
-colon, bile tract, oral cavity, urethra, vulva, vagina
- leading gut and fecal microbiota
body structures – collagen binding proteins
-adhesion, colonization, biofilm formaiton
body structures – endocarditis specific antigens
-pili
-attach to heart valves
body strucutres – surface proteins
-adhesion, colonization, biofilm production
body structures – surfaace polysaccharides
-cell wall carbohydrates serve as capsular
-disrupt chemotaxis
body structures – aggregation substance
-binds bacteria to host cell or bacteria to another bacteria (conjugation)
-trafficker of AMR genes by horizontal transfer
-broad spectrum AMR
enzymes – gelatinase
-digest gelatin, elastin, collagen, hemoglobin, etc
enzymes – hyaluronidase
-destroy blood vessels
-destroy mucopolysaccharides of connective tissue and cartilage
-spread bacteria to deeper tissues
toxins – cytolysin, hemolysin (bacteriocin, enterocin)
-kills by pore forming on cell envelope of RBC and WBC
-kills gram negative bacteria competitors
toxins – sex pheromone
-stimulate expression of aggregation substances that result in conjugation
-acquiring and accumulating plasmids
enterococcus in poultry
-osteomyelitis, femoral head necrosis, spondylosis, arthritis
-E faecalis – embryos and young chicks
-E cecorum – adult broilers
