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PoD 2 > Enterobacteriaceae - intro and E. coli > Flashcards

Enterobacteriaceae - intro and E. coli Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae (4)

A

Gram negative rods
LPS
Ferment glucose
oxidase negative

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2
Q

Serological typing

A

O Ag (polysaccharide portion of LPS)
K (capsular) Ag
H (flagella) Ag

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3
Q

Enterobacteriaceae with lac operon (lactose fermenting)

A

Klebsiella
Escherichia
Enterobacter

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4
Q

What is the common Ag?

A

Polyssaccharide core

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5
Q

What causes immune response?

A

Lipid A (endotoxin)

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6
Q

Most common cause of bacteremia?

A

E. Coli

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7
Q

Most common cause of GI tract infection?

A

Salmonella

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8
Q

Most common cause of UTI?

A

E. coli

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9
Q

Major cytokines induced by endotoxins

A

TNF alpha
IL-6
IL-1

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10
Q

Which virulence factor goes directly into host cell?

A

Type III secretion system

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11
Q

What fraction of bacteremia is caused by enterobacteriaceae?

A

1/3

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12
Q

What percent of bacteremia due to Enterobacteriaceae is due to E. coli? Klebsiella? Enterobacter?

A

45%
22%
20%

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13
Q

What percentage of UTI is caused by Enterobacteriacae?

A

70%

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14
Q

Diseases caused by E. coli

A 
Gastroenteritis
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
UTI
Neonatal meningitis
Septicemia
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15
Q

5 groups of E. coli that cause gastroenteritis

A

enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enteroaggregative (SI)

Enteroinvasive, enterohemorrhageic (colon)

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16
Q

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

A

plasmid-mediated
non-invasive
Fimbrial adhesins, CFA I and II

17
Q

Enterotoxins released by ETEC

A 
Heat labile (LT)
Heat stable (ST)
18
Q

What is the cause of watery diarrhea due to ETEC

A

Enterotoxins cause iron channel to open, resulting in fluid secretions

19
Q

does ETEC cause Inflammation? Fever?

A

No

No

20
Q

Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

A 
Non fibrial adhesion
Moderately invasive
Attachment-Effacement 
Bundle forming pilus
Destruction of microvilli
21
Q

What is the most significant thing about EPEC

A

Destruction of microvilli

no toxins produced

underdeveloped countries

22
Q

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

A

Moderately invasive

Shiga-like toxin /verotoxin

23
Q

What does EHEC produce? What does it do?

A

Shiga-like toxin
cytotoxic to intestinal villi and colon epithelial cells
stops protein synthesis and causes necrosis

24
Q

What is significant about diarrhea caused by EHEC?

A

Bloody

25
Q

Is there inflammation with EHEC?

A

Yes - intense

26
Q

Does EPEC cause inflammation? fever?

A

Yes - some

No fever

27
Q

Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)

A

nonfimbrial adhesions, omp
invasive
M cells
Large plasmid

no shiga toxin

28
Q

Characterize diarrhea caused by EIEC

A

dysentery -

mucous, bloody

29
Q

EIEC cause inflammation? Fever?

A

Yes, yes

30
Q

Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC)

A

no adhesins - GVVPQ fimbriae
noninvasive
“Biofilm”

Produce ST-like toxin and alpha hemolysin
no fever

31
Q

What is different about diarrhea caused by EAggEC?

A

Chronic/persistent diarrhea in children without immunizations
(non bloody)

32
Q

Common cause of UTI

A

E. coli

80% community acquired) (40% hospital - Abx resistance common

33
Q

Community- acquired UTI are _____ infections

A

ascending

34
Q

What are some bacterial attributes/host factors that cause UTI?

A

Bacterial: P fimbriae (pilus), urease, hemolysins
Host: short urethra in women, catheterization, compromised immunity etc

35
Q

Virulence factors of Uropathogenic E. coli

A

P fimbria - pyelonephritis associated pili (PAP pili)

binds P blood group Ag with D-galactose-D-galactose residue

36
Q

Treatment of enteric pathogen

A

fluid replacement is the main thing. don’t want dehydration
infection control in hospital

Abx therapy requires test for sensitivity to avoid resistance

PoD 2 (14 decks)

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