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Micro > Enterics > Flashcards

Enterics Flashcards

1
Q

E. coli

A 
facultative G- rod
pink on MacConkey's agar
strong lactose fermenter
green-black on eosin-methylene blue agar
indole +
antibios used in the young, chronically ill, and pt with extra-intestinal infections
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2
Q

E. coli Virulence

A 
adhesion factors, fimbria, pili
LT toxin --> ADPR xsferase; inc cAMP
ST --> inc cGMP
cytotoxins (EHEC)
capsule
Type III secretion system
endotoxin
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3
Q

ETEC

A

Vir: LT or ST
traveler’s diarrhea
childhood diarrhea
water, nonbloody, non inflammatory diarrhea

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4
Q

EPEC

A

Vir: adherence to enterocytes
infantile and childhood diarrhea in developing countries
water, nonbloody diarrhea with minimal WBCs

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5
Q

EHEC (O157:H7)

A

Vir: verotoxin shiga-like toxin
hemorrhagic colitis
hemolytic uremic syndrome
bloody, noninflammatory diarrhea

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6
Q

EIEC

A

Vir: invasion of enterocytes

purulent, bloody diarrhea with prominent WBCs

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7
Q

Vibrio cholera

A 
G-
comma-shaped rods
oxidase +
motile
Dx via isolation and culture from stool sample
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8
Q

V. cholera virulence

A

Cholera toxin –> ADPR-xsferase (A-B subunits)

adhesion factors and mucinase

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9
Q

V. cholera patho

A

rice water stools
infection starts in ileum and spreads
massive dehydration and electrolyte imbalance if left untreated

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10
Q

Vibrio parahemolyticus

A

halophilic marine org
diarrheal disease in Japan and cruise ships
raw or undercooked seafood
diarrhea can be bloody; usually self limiting

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11
Q

Vibrio vulnificus

A

halophilic marine org
Gulf Coast shellfish
causes severe cellulitis; esp in shellfish handlers
rapidly fatal septicemia in immunocomp
chronic liver dz predisposes to severe inf

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12
Q

C. diff

A 
G+ spore-forming rod
obligate anaerobe
found in soil and also NF of colon
antibiotic-assoc diarrhea
psuedomembraneous colitis
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13
Q

C. diff virulence

A

glucosylxsferases the inactivate members of Ras superfamily of small GTPase
Toxin A: enerotoxin; fluid sec and hemorrhagic necrosis
Toxin B: cytotoxin; cell rounding
detect Toxin B in stool for Dx

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14
Q

Shigella spp

A 
bacillary dysentery
G- rod
lactose non-fermenter
H2S-
non-motile
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15
Q

Shigella virulence

A 
Shiga toxin --> heat labile inhib port synthesis
sim to EHEC verotoxin
invasion plasmid antigens
endotoxin
Type III sec system
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16
Q

Shigella patho

A

inf starts in SB and moves to LB
invasion and penetration of epith cells
prod microabscesses and shallow, crater-like ulcers
inflammatory diarrhea –> mucoid and bloody with tenesmus

17
Q

Salmonella virulence

A 
facultative intracellular
invasins
Vi antigen --> antiphago
Endotoxin --> O polysacch chains
Type III Sec system
18
Q

Salmonella typhi

A 
typhoid fever
penetrates to serosa layer
feel sick on first week
rose spots second week
(maybe) bloody diarrhea third week
may develop carrier state in sec and stool 
can metast to bone, joint, liver, and meninges
Tx with antibio
19
Q

Salmonella enteritidis and typhimurium

A 
enterocolitis
contam poultry and such
invade intestinal mucosa
N/V/Diarrhea (nonbloody) 8-48hrs after ingestion
self limiting
isolate organ from stool
20
Q

Salmonella cholerasius

A

bacteremia with focal lesions
follows oral infection
may result in osteomyelitis, pneumonia, meningitis
Sickle cell pt most at risk

21
Q

Salmonella spp

A 
G- rod
lactose non-fermenter
H2S postitive
motile
Dx via stool samples for enterocolitis
Dx via blood 1st and 2nd wks for typhoid
Widal test
22
Q

Campylobacter jejuni

A 
G- rods
oxidase +
microaerophilic
can grow at 42deg
short, curved
MAJOR cause of diarrhea --> enterocolitis
23
Q

C. jejuni patho

A

watery, foul smelling diarrhea
bloody stools may follow
self limiting after 5-8d
Complication: Guillian-Barre Syndrome

24
Q

Yersinia enterocolitica and pseudotuberculosis

A 
G- rod
facultative anaerobe
xsmit via con tam food or water or direct inoculation
start inf in ileum
enterotoxin sim to ST of e. coli
seen in children a lot
self-limiting

Micro (19 decks)

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