ENT part 3

Question 1

Saddle deformity

Answer 1

trauma or vascular compromise of small vessels of septal cartilage

Question 2

What nourishes cartilage?

Answer 2

Perichondrium

Question 3

Wegener’s

Answer 3

granulomatosis with polyangitis

Question 4

Afran

Answer 4

reduces sinus congestion

sympathomimetic that causes vasoconstriction

Question 5

Nasal cavity

Answer 5

a large cavity that is separated into right and left halves by a bony/cartilaginous septum

Question 6

Structures of the nasal cavity

Answer 6

nasal concha
openings to paranasal sinuses
olfactory recess

Question 7

Nasal concha (turbinates)

Answer 7

spiral bony structures covered in mucus membrane that fill up the nasal cavity

increase SA of sinus cavity

Question 8

What is found beneath each concha?

Answer 8

nasal meatus

Question 9

How to olfactory nerves travel

Answer 9

they travel through the olfactory tract in the cribriform plate on the ethmoid bone before entering the nasal cavity

Question 10

Bleeding from anterior epistaxis

Answer 10

Keisselbachs plexus

Question 11

Bleeding from posterior epistaxis

Answer 11

Sphenopalatine artery (mainly) and posterior ethmoidal artery

Question 12

Each paranasal sinus is line with

Answer 12

mucosal layer of ciliated squamous epithelium

Question 13

Function of paranasal sinuses

Answer 13

immune function, humidifying air, speech resonance, skull lightening, crumple zone for trauma

Question 14

Which sinuses can you observe on exam?

Answer 14

Frontal and maxillary

Question 15

Why should you not I & D an abscess over a sinus?

Answer 15

access to the brain

Question 16

structures of the throat

Answer 16

pharynx
larynx
tonsils