Cardio Anatomy Basics

Question 1

Function of cardiovascular system

Answer 1

pump blood from heart to both lungs and to the systemic circulation allowing for gas exchange and nutrient supply to all parts of the body

Question 2

Borders of the heart

Answer 2

lungs, diaphragm, great vessels, esophagus/aorta

Question 3

Innervation of heart

Answer 3

vagus

sympathetic chain

Question 4

Artery/Vein

Artery

Answer 4

higher elasticity (except for endothelium)
no valves
higher pressure
lower volume
flow AWAY from heart
Tunica media is thicker

Question 5

Artery/Vein

Vein

Answer 5

higher plasticity
have valves
lower pressure 
higher volume
flow towards heart (V = Very close to heart)
adventitia (fibrous CT layer) dominates

Question 6

Mediastinum

Answer 6

space between pleural sacs of the lungs

Question 7

4 region system vs 3 region system of mediastinum

Answer 7

4 - superior, anterior, middle, posterior mediastinum

3 - pre vascular, visceral, paravertebral

Question 8

Which view provides vision of majority of surface structures, including coronary circulation and the great vessels?

Answer 8

anterior and posterior views

Question 9

Aorta

Answer 9

to systemic circulation

Question 10

pulmonary artery

Answer 10

to lungs

Question 11

pulmonary veins

Answer 11

to left atrium

Question 12

superior vena cava

Answer 12

to right atrium

Question 13

inferior vena cava

Answer 13

to right atrium

Question 14

Main branches from coronary artery

Answer 14

left coronary artery
right coronary artery

both brach from aorta anteriorly

Question 15

right coronary artery branches

Answer 15

SA nodal branch
right marginal artery
posterior interventricular artery
AV nodal branch

Question 16

right coronary artery supplies

Answer 16

SA node
AV node
right ventricle
right atria

Question 17

left coronary artery branches

Answer 17

left anterior descending artery

circumflex artery

Question 18

left coronary artery supplies

Answer 18

left ventricle
left atria
anterior 2/3 of inter-ventricular septum (AV bundle)
occasionally the SA node

Question 19

Primary coronary veins

Answer 19

great cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein
small cardiac vein
coronary sinus

Question 20

accessory coronary veins

Answer 20

left marginal vein
left posterior interventricular
oblique vein of left atrium

Question 21

all coronary veins drain into the ____ which drains into ____

Answer 21

coronary sinus; right atria

Question 22

Atrioventricular valves (S1)

Answer 22

mitral - left

tricuspid - right

Question 23

Semi-lunar valves (S2)

Answer 23

aortic - left

pulmonic - right

Question 24

3 types of echocardiogram

Answer 24

transthoracic echo (TTE)
transeshophageal echo (TEE)
intracardiac echo (ICE)

Question 25

what is the most elastic artery

Answer 25

the aorta