English - Summary Flashcards
1
Q
When was Frankenstein written
A
1818 - a novel about a scientist using technology to usurp the role of God captures the anxieties around secularism
2
Q
When was the picture of Dorian gray written?
A
1890
3
Q
When was Dracula published
A
1897
4
Q
What was Max Nordau’s book Degeneration about?
A
a neurological disorder he called ‘degeneration’ which decadents and aesthetes were suffering from he also argued rapid and significant modernisation leads to a return of the irrational
5
Q
Who wrote degeneration and when
A
Max Nordau - 1892
6
Q
Which prominent writer was a member of the SPR and what does SPR stand for?
A
society for psychological research Arthur Conan Doyle
7
Q
When did Charles Darwin publish a book and what was it called?
A
1859
The Origin of Species
8
Q
Give a quote showing Harker as a rational Victorian man st the start
A
‘Left Munich at 8:35’
9
Q
give Harker’s comment at the start on the barbarism of Transylvania
A
‘The further east you go the more unpunctual are the trains’
10
Q
Give a quote showing a difference between appearance and reality in Transylvania at the start (noticed by Harker)
A
‘The women looked pretty, except when you got near them’
11
Q
what is Harker given before he goes to Castle Dracula by a local?
A
A crucifix - Catholic idol
12
Q
Give a quote linking Dracula to the pseudo science of physiognomy
A
he has a ‘very marked physiognomy’
13
Q
stoker’s description of Dracula copies whose ‘Portrait of the Criminal Man’?
A
Cesare Lombroso’s (an Italian criminologist famous for the study of physiognomy)
14
Q
Dracula’s aristocratic nature and his ownership of castle Dracula presents his dominant ___
A
Masculinity
15
Q
What instinctive feeling does Dracula make Harker experience?
A
‘Nausea’ - showing Harker should trust his instinctual irrational reactions but doesn’t as a Victorian rationalist
16
Q
Give a quote about Harker’s entrapment in castle Dracula at the start
A
‘I am a prisoner!’
17
Q
Give a quote showing Dracula as repulsive
A
‘Leech’ (Harker says this after seeing the count gorged on blood)
18
Q
Who wrote about the uncanny
A
Freud
19
Q
What style is the novel written in
A
Epistolary
20
Q
How does vampirism subvert the Eucharist
A
Catholics granted spiritual life by drinking the blood of ChristBut Dracula is granted physical life by drinking human blood
21
Q
give a quote suggesting that Dracula is a masculine figure
A
Ray Cluley - Dracula is the ‘ultimate patriarchal fantasy’
22
Q
Give a quote suggesting that masculinity is associated with Othering (and the author)
A
Volkmann - the ideal male is in ‘constant effort of closing oneself off to the Other’
23
Q
Give the 5 aspects of masculinity highlighted by Samantha ___
A
Morse virility Chivalry Intent to exclude the Other Asceticism Autonomy
24
Q
Give 2 historical figures heavily associated with the study of physiognomy
A
Cesare Lombroso - Italian criminologist famous for the study of physiognomy
Max Nordau - publishes ‘Degeneration’ in 1892 about the topic of physiognomy and degeneration
25
What is a psychoanalytic reading of castle Dracula
It brings out Harker’s subconscious desires (particularly sexual)
26
Who proposed Terror vs Horror theory
Ann Radcliffe (an 18th century author of Gothic texts)
27
Who proposed the idea of the sublime? When?
Edmund Burke - 1757
28
who publishes a book which challenges literalist Christianity (which isn’t Darwin) and when? What is it called? What is it about?
1830-33 Sir Charles LyellPublishes ‘principles of geology’ Suggesting the earth is millions of years old
29
The gothic explores the ___fears of the audience not just the anxieties of the time
Primal
30
Give a quote comparing Harker to a degenerate creature
When he realises he is a prisoner he says he behaves much as ‘a rat does in a trap’
31
Who was the Angel in the house modelled on?
Queen Victoria
32
Give Queen victorias dates
1837 - 1901
33
At what point in Queen Victoria’s reign was Dracula published
The end - she was aging and there was a fear feminine ideals were in decline with her
34
What is the name for the progressive woman in Victorian Britain
The New Woman
35
What is the name for the condition a woman got when she repressed sexual desire to try and conform to society
Female hysteria
36
What is the name for the dichotomy modelled on the Biblical characters of the Virgin Mary and Eve?
Madonna-whore dichotomy
37
In the Adam and Eve situation who is the victim? A fallen woman is a danger to the morality of what group of people?
Adam
Men
38
give 2 examples of paintings that show developments the position of women in the gothic over time
Henry Fuseli’s 1781 painting ‘the Nightmare’ shows a damsel in distress and an incubus (dream-reality liminality)Philip Byrne Jones’ 1897 painting ‘the Vampyre’ a woman is the vampire and she is sucking a man’s blood
39
Give a quote showing Harker’s desire for the vampire women
‘Wicked, burning desire’
40
Give a quote showing Harker’s emasculation when faced with the vampire women
‘I lay quiet, looking out from under my lashes’
41
Give a quote showing Dracula’s power over Harker (and Harker’s emasculation)?
‘This man belongs to me!’
42
Give a quote showing the antithetical feelings that Harker feels towards the vampire women?
‘Thrilling and repulsive’
43
Give a 3 single word quotes emphasising the temptation and sexiness of the vampire women
‘Golden’
‘Ruby’
‘Voluptuous’
44
The quote ‘this man belongs to me!’ Has what dimension to it
Homoerotic - euphemism for sex
45
Give a quote about Mina as an acceptable form of a progressive woman (not necessarily the New Woman though)
‘Man’s brain’ and ‘woman’s heart’
46
Give a quote showing Lucy’s transgressive sexual desire
‘Why can’t they let a girl marry three men’
47
Why is Mina learning shorthand? What does learning shorthand show about her?
To ‘be useful to Jonathan’
Links her to the New Woman - she is inspired by lady journalists to remember what happened during the day as well
48
What does the name Lucy Westenra suggest and link to?
Lucy = light - but male version of Lucy is lucifer
Westenra = westerner
49
What is it called when the private fantasies of characters are expressed in the novel
The return of the repressed (in psychoanalysis)
50
Give a quote showing Renfield’s subservience
Give another one showing he has a heretical approach to Dracula as he is treating Dracula as God
‘I am your slave’
‘Master’ and ‘I have worshipped You long’
51
Give 3 quotes about Van Helsing’s character
‘Advanced scientist’
‘Open mind’
‘Iron nerve’
52
Give a quote suggesting Mina is a model for women in general
Lucy says ‘I must imitate Mina’
53
What type of man is Van Helsing?
Renaissance Man
54
What is the name for a seductress in gothic literature
The femme fatale
55
Give 2 events that shows the extent to which feminism has progressed at the time Dracula is written
Seneca falls convention 1848 - in New York - American women organise to fight for rights and recognise themselves as a distinct group from men (Porto feminism) 1872 - the founding of the national society for women’s suffrage in the UK
56
What disease was glamorised in the Victorian period
TB - as it made it’s victims have sparkling eyes and red lips - admired for their delicate beauty
57
Give a piece of legislation to do with Victorian treatment of the mentally ill
Lunacy act of 1845 - aided the more ethical treatment of the mentally ill treating them as patients rather than prisoners this is mirrored by how Seward treats Renfield
58
What disease causes anxieties around disfigurement and contagion? Who was it believed the disease originated from?
syphilis - it caused disfigurement and was contagious (like vampirism) It was blamed on women and prostitutes in particular (the femme fatale)
59
What is the renaissance man
combined the attitude of the philosopher and the warrior
60
What is Van Helsing’s first name
Abraham
61
What is Lucy called by Van Helsing which shows her as a fallen woman?
A ‘polyandrist’ after the blood transfusions - as they symbolise the men having sex with Lucy
62
Give a quote showing vampirism making Lucy into a sexual predator
She speaks on her first death bed in a ‘voluptuous’ voice saying ‘kiss me!’
63
What is Lucy called (instead of the name Lucy) when she is a vampire
‘Thing’
64
Give a quote from Lucy’s second death which could be interpreted as sexual and orgasmic or rape likewhat type of object is the stake that the men use to kill her
‘quiver’ ‘Writhed’Phallic
65
How is Arthur described when he kills Lucy for the second time
Which marvel character is he compared to?
As having a ‘high duty’ and a ‘blessed hand’
Like ‘Thor’
66
what character in mythology is vampire Lucy compared to?
‘Medusa’
67
What anxiety does Dracula invading Britain link to?
Reverse colonisation
68
What is the name for the fatherhood aspect of masculinity (masculinity at home)?
Pater familias -the father is the patriarch and owns the household
69
The concept of masculinity abroad links to what Victorian preoccupation?
Imperialism
70
when was oscar Wilde’ s trail
1895
71
What is the philosophical basis for most conceptions of Victorian masculinity
Muscular Christianity
72
What movement did oscar Wilde represent (2)?
Dandyish and aestheticism
73
What type of struggle is the fight between good and evil in Dracula
Manichaean
74
The vampire women are the epitome of what female trope
The ‘femme fatale’
75
In what 3 ways does cluley argue Dracula could be the ultimate patriarchal fantasy
usurps life creating role with his bite Consumes blood to triumph over fears of menstruation
76
What is the name for the art of dying
Ars mordiendi
77
What cover did Dracula have?
Yellow one
78
What are 2 names for the 1890s
The yellow 90s and the fin de siecle
79
Before he meets Harker, what does Seward expect Harker to be an example of?
Muscular Christianity - he instead finds a ‘quiet, business-like gentleman’
80
What does a post-colonial reading see as implied from Dracula being the ‘Other’?
Also a ‘monster’
81
When Harker finds purpose in working to destroy Dracula what is he filled with?
‘Volcanic energy’
82
Give a quote showing Mina’s maternal nature
She has a ‘mother spirit’
83
What animal does Dracula have at his command which links to the themes of Otherness, invasion, contamination?
Rats
84
What two contrasting things is Renfield described as?
A ‘pet lunatic’ and ‘polished gentleman’
85
Give a quote showing Mina presenting an idea of femininity as gender performativity
(Repressing emotion and putting a ‘bold face on’ is) ‘just one of the lessons that we poor women have to learn’
86
What part of Dracula is Mina made to suck from?
His ‘bosom’ - in a subversion of the maternal
87
Give a quote showing the sexualisation of Mina’s encounter with Dracula
‘I must suffocate or swallow some of the…’ (blood is a proxy for semen)
88
Give a quote suggesting the count is amoral rather than immoral (from the scene with Mina and Dracula)
The scene looked like ‘a child forcing a kitten’s nose into a saucer of milk’ (suggesting the Count is like a child - amoral - rather than immoral)
89
Give a quote about Dracula subverting holy communion (he is describing mina in this quote)
‘My bountiful wine press’ - he is calling her blood wine
90
What does Mina have on her forehead after she is touched with a wafer?
A mark - a mark of Cain?
91
Give a quote about Mina being attracted to Dracula
‘I did not want to hinder him’
92
What does Dracula call Mina that links to a Bible verse?
‘Flesh of my flesh’
93
Give a quote about Mina considering herself corrupted by Dracula
‘Unclean, unclean! I must touch him or kiss him [Harker] no more’this could be a microcosm for the relationship between men and women Mina represents the fact that women have a capacity for corruption which makes them the ‘worst enemy’ of men
94
Mad characters in the gothic often possess what
‘Forbidden knowledge’
95
Angela carter has read ___which means the story of __can be a context for the bloody chamber stories
Dracula
96
Give the date of Jack the Ripper
1888
97
Give an example of a penny dreadful in the 1890s
Varney the vampire
98
When was the term psychoanalysis first used
1896
99
When did Freud publish the interpretation of dreams
1899
100
Give an example of hypnosis in gothic fiction (name, date and author of novel)
Trilby (1894) George du Maurier the villain Svengali uses hypnotism on Trilby to seduce her
101
Give a quote showing Dracula as tapping into social Darwinist theories and anxieties about degeneracy within a species
He is going to be the ‘father’ of a ‘new order of beings’
102
What kind of brain does Dracula have which links to his amorality
‘Child brain’
103
Why are there so many anxieties about reverse colonisation at the time Dracula was written?
Queen Victoria is dying so the British empire has diminishing influence
104
Give a quote about the weaponisation of religion
Seward feels the ‘mighty power’ of the crucifix and wafer in his hands’
105
What two animals is Dracula compared to
‘Panther-like’ and ‘lion -like’
106
Give a quote showing a Manichaean dichotomy between images of Lucy
‘True Lucy’ and ‘false Lucy’
107
There are references to what two physiognomists in the text
Nordau and Lombroso
108
Give a quote about Jonathan gaining masculinity by the end of the novel
‘Overawe’ ‘instinctively they cowered aside and let him pass’
109
What does Dracula look like when dead?
‘Look of peace’
110
What are the final two words of the book?
‘Gallant gentleman’
111
What is mina described as in the epilogue?
‘A brave and gallant woman’
112
Give a quote showing what the wafer does to Mina’s forehead?
‘Burned into the flesh’ like ‘white hot metal’
113
Give a quote showing Dracula getting power over the men by controlling their weakness - women
‘Your girls that you love are mine already…my creatures, to do my bidding’
114
What does mina call Dracula in sympathy with him?
‘Poor soul’
115
Give a quote showing stoker using the popularity of fox hunting when describing the chase for Dracula
‘A pack of men following like dogs after a fox’
116
Give a quote about vampirism being a contaminating disease
‘He have infect you’
117
Give a quote showing the fight against Dracula being like a crusade
‘Knights of the cross’
118
Give a quote showing a Marxist reading of Dracula showing the power of money
‘Money’ is making the quest to kill Dracula possible
119
Give a quote showing vampirism subverting another Christian rite which isn’t communion
[Mina is tainted with a] ‘Vampire baptism’
120
What disease is Mina compared to having due to her mark of Cain
She is described as a ‘leper’ - leprosy
121
What type of pact is Harker willing to make if Mina is forced to become a vampire - give a quote to support this
A Faustian pact - he is prepared to become a vampire and sell his soul to be with mina - this is extremely transgressive
- ‘she shall not go into that unknown and terrible land alone’
122
After the mark of Cain is cleared from Mina’s forehead - what is her forehead described as?
‘The snow is not more stainless than her forehead!’
123
The epistolary style, at the time stoker was writing was ____
Having a resurgence in popularity
124
The detective fiction elements in the story could be influenced by what character
Sherlock Holmes - in the deduction in the pursuit of Dracula
125
The novel is an early ___type of novel due to its multiple narratives and use of different forms
Modernist
126
Journals of Jonathan influenced by the journal of ___
Frankenstein
127
Carter uses lots of postmodernist elements, give 3 examples of these
Fragmented narratives Metafiction Mixing high and low culture
128
Give a literary context for carter to do with short story conventions
restricted time frame - focussed on single character, event, setting
129
Give the nationality and religious disposition of stoker
Irish Protestant
130
What does Dracula mean in Gaelic
‘Bad blood’
131
Stoker worked as a ____
Journalist - leads to the journalistic style
132
Carter had a ___due to some domestic violence - potentially influencing her views on marriage
Divorce
133
What caused migration into the east of London in Victorian period
Pogroms
134
A good literary context for carter is looking at how she manipulates the _____her stories are based on
Fairy tales (messing with your preconceptions about what is going to happen)
135
By the 1970s (in terms of religion) society is more ___
Secular
136
Carter is left/right wing
Left - rejection of aristocracy
137
What does stoker call sex in an article he writes called the ‘censorship of fiction’
A ‘force of evil’
138
What does stoker say about women and sexual impulses?
‘Women are the worst offenders in this form of breach of moral law’
