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AA* - English > English - Summary > Flashcards

English - Summary Flashcards

1
Q

When was Frankenstein written

A

1818 - a novel about a scientist using technology to usurp the role of God captures the anxieties around secularism

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2
Q

When was the picture of Dorian gray written?

A

1890

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3
Q

When was Dracula published

A

1897

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4
Q

What was Max Nordau’s book Degeneration about?

A

a neurological disorder he called ‘degeneration’ which decadents and aesthetes were suffering from he also argued rapid and significant modernisation leads to a return of the irrational

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5
Q

Who wrote degeneration and when

A

Max Nordau - 1892

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6
Q

Which prominent writer was a member of the SPR and what does SPR stand for?

A

society for psychological research Arthur Conan Doyle

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7
Q

When did Charles Darwin publish a book and what was it called?

A

1859
The Origin of Species

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8
Q

Give a quote showing Harker as a rational Victorian man st the start

A

‘Left Munich at 8:35’

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9
Q

give Harker’s comment at the start on the barbarism of Transylvania

A

‘The further east you go the more unpunctual are the trains’

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10
Q

Give a quote showing a difference between appearance and reality in Transylvania at the start (noticed by Harker)

A

‘The women looked pretty, except when you got near them’

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11
Q

what is Harker given before he goes to Castle Dracula by a local?

A

A crucifix - Catholic idol

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12
Q

Give a quote linking Dracula to the pseudo science of physiognomy

A

he has a ‘very marked physiognomy’

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13
Q

stoker’s description of Dracula copies whose ‘Portrait of the Criminal Man’?

A

Cesare Lombroso’s (an Italian criminologist famous for the study of physiognomy)

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14
Q

Dracula’s aristocratic nature and his ownership of castle Dracula presents his dominant ___

A

Masculinity

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15
Q

What instinctive feeling does Dracula make Harker experience?

A

‘Nausea’ - showing Harker should trust his instinctual irrational reactions but doesn’t as a Victorian rationalist

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16
Q

Give a quote about Harker’s entrapment in castle Dracula at the start

A

‘I am a prisoner!’

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17
Q

Give a quote showing Dracula as repulsive

A

‘Leech’ (Harker says this after seeing the count gorged on blood)

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18
Q

Who wrote about the uncanny

A

Freud

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19
Q

What style is the novel written in

A

Epistolary

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20
Q

How does vampirism subvert the Eucharist

A

Catholics granted spiritual life by drinking the blood of ChristBut Dracula is granted physical life by drinking human blood

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21
Q

give a quote suggesting that Dracula is a masculine figure

A

Ray Cluley - Dracula is the ‘ultimate patriarchal fantasy’

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22
Q

Give a quote suggesting that masculinity is associated with Othering (and the author)

A

Volkmann - the ideal male is in ‘constant effort of closing oneself off to the Other’

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23
Q

Give the 5 aspects of masculinity highlighted by Samantha ___

A

Morse virility Chivalry Intent to exclude the Other Asceticism Autonomy

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24
Q

Give 2 historical figures heavily associated with the study of physiognomy

A

Cesare Lombroso - Italian criminologist famous for the study of physiognomy
Max Nordau - publishes ‘Degeneration’ in 1892 about the topic of physiognomy and degeneration

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25
Q

What is a psychoanalytic reading of castle Dracula

A

It brings out Harker’s subconscious desires (particularly sexual)

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26
Q

Who proposed Terror vs Horror theory

A

Ann Radcliffe (an 18th century author of Gothic texts)

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27
Q

Who proposed the idea of the sublime? When?

A

Edmund Burke - 1757

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28
Q

who publishes a book which challenges literalist Christianity (which isn’t Darwin) and when? What is it called? What is it about?

A

1830-33 Sir Charles LyellPublishes ‘principles of geology’ Suggesting the earth is millions of years old

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29
Q

The gothic explores the ___fears of the audience not just the anxieties of the time

A

Primal

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30
Q

Give a quote comparing Harker to a degenerate creature

A

When he realises he is a prisoner he says he behaves much as ‘a rat does in a trap’

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31
Q

Who was the Angel in the house modelled on?

A

Queen Victoria

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32
Q

Give Queen victorias dates

A

1837 - 1901

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33
Q

At what point in Queen Victoria’s reign was Dracula published

A

The end - she was aging and there was a fear feminine ideals were in decline with her

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34
Q

What is the name for the progressive woman in Victorian Britain

A

The New Woman

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35
Q

What is the name for the condition a woman got when she repressed sexual desire to try and conform to society

A

Female hysteria

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36
Q

What is the name for the dichotomy modelled on the Biblical characters of the Virgin Mary and Eve?

A

Madonna-whore dichotomy

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37
Q

In the Adam and Eve situation who is the victim? A fallen woman is a danger to the morality of what group of people?

A

Adam
Men

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38
Q

give 2 examples of paintings that show developments the position of women in the gothic over time

A

Henry Fuseli’s 1781 painting ‘the Nightmare’ shows a damsel in distress and an incubus (dream-reality liminality)Philip Byrne Jones’ 1897 painting ‘the Vampyre’ a woman is the vampire and she is sucking a man’s blood

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39
Q

Give a quote showing Harker’s desire for the vampire women

A

‘Wicked, burning desire’

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40
Q

Give a quote showing Harker’s emasculation when faced with the vampire women

A

‘I lay quiet, looking out from under my lashes’

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41
Q

Give a quote showing Dracula’s power over Harker (and Harker’s emasculation)?

A

‘This man belongs to me!’

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42
Q

Give a quote showing the antithetical feelings that Harker feels towards the vampire women?

A

‘Thrilling and repulsive’

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43
Q

Give a 3 single word quotes emphasising the temptation and sexiness of the vampire women

A

‘Golden’
‘Ruby’
‘Voluptuous’

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44
Q

The quote ‘this man belongs to me!’ Has what dimension to it

A

Homoerotic - euphemism for sex

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45
Q

Give a quote about Mina as an acceptable form of a progressive woman (not necessarily the New Woman though)

A

‘Man’s brain’ and ‘woman’s heart’

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46
Q

Give a quote showing Lucy’s transgressive sexual desire

A

‘Why can’t they let a girl marry three men’

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47
Q

Why is Mina learning shorthand? What does learning shorthand show about her?

A

To ‘be useful to Jonathan’
Links her to the New Woman - she is inspired by lady journalists to remember what happened during the day as well

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48
Q

What does the name Lucy Westenra suggest and link to?

A

Lucy = light - but male version of Lucy is lucifer
Westenra = westerner

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49
Q

What is it called when the private fantasies of characters are expressed in the novel

A

The return of the repressed (in psychoanalysis)

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50
Q

Give a quote showing Renfield’s subservience
Give another one showing he has a heretical approach to Dracula as he is treating Dracula as God

A

‘I am your slave’
‘Master’ and ‘I have worshipped You long’

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51
Q

Give 3 quotes about Van Helsing’s character

A

‘Advanced scientist’
‘Open mind’
‘Iron nerve’

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52
Q

Give a quote suggesting Mina is a model for women in general

A

Lucy says ‘I must imitate Mina’

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53
Q

What type of man is Van Helsing?

A

Renaissance Man

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54
Q

What is the name for a seductress in gothic literature

A

The femme fatale

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55
Q

Give 2 events that shows the extent to which feminism has progressed at the time Dracula is written

A

Seneca falls convention 1848 - in New York - American women organise to fight for rights and recognise themselves as a distinct group from men (Porto feminism) 1872 - the founding of the national society for women’s suffrage in the UK

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56
Q

What disease was glamorised in the Victorian period

A

TB - as it made it’s victims have sparkling eyes and red lips - admired for their delicate beauty

57
Q

Give a piece of legislation to do with Victorian treatment of the mentally ill

A

Lunacy act of 1845 - aided the more ethical treatment of the mentally ill treating them as patients rather than prisoners this is mirrored by how Seward treats Renfield

58
Q

What disease causes anxieties around disfigurement and contagion? Who was it believed the disease originated from?

A

syphilis - it caused disfigurement and was contagious (like vampirism) It was blamed on women and prostitutes in particular (the femme fatale)

59
Q

What is the renaissance man

A

combined the attitude of the philosopher and the warrior

60
Q

What is Van Helsing’s first name

A

Abraham

61
Q

What is Lucy called by Van Helsing which shows her as a fallen woman?

A

A ‘polyandrist’ after the blood transfusions - as they symbolise the men having sex with Lucy

62
Q

Give a quote showing vampirism making Lucy into a sexual predator

A

She speaks on her first death bed in a ‘voluptuous’ voice saying ‘kiss me!’

63
Q

What is Lucy called (instead of the name Lucy) when she is a vampire

A

‘Thing’

64
Q

Give a quote from Lucy’s second death which could be interpreted as sexual and orgasmic or rape likewhat type of object is the stake that the men use to kill her

A

‘quiver’ ‘Writhed’Phallic

65
Q

How is Arthur described when he kills Lucy for the second time
Which marvel character is he compared to?

A

As having a ‘high duty’ and a ‘blessed hand’
Like ‘Thor’

66
Q

what character in mythology is vampire Lucy compared to?

A

‘Medusa’

67
Q

What anxiety does Dracula invading Britain link to?

A

Reverse colonisation

68
Q

What is the name for the fatherhood aspect of masculinity (masculinity at home)?

A

Pater familias -the father is the patriarch and owns the household

69
Q

The concept of masculinity abroad links to what Victorian preoccupation?

A

Imperialism

70
Q

when was oscar Wilde’ s trail

A

1895

71
Q

What is the philosophical basis for most conceptions of Victorian masculinity

A

Muscular Christianity

72
Q

What movement did oscar Wilde represent (2)?

A

Dandyish and aestheticism

73
Q

What type of struggle is the fight between good and evil in Dracula

A

Manichaean

74
Q

The vampire women are the epitome of what female trope

A

The ‘femme fatale’

75
Q

In what 3 ways does cluley argue Dracula could be the ultimate patriarchal fantasy

A

usurps life creating role with his bite Consumes blood to triumph over fears of menstruation

76
Q

What is the name for the art of dying

A

Ars mordiendi

77
Q

What cover did Dracula have?

A

Yellow one

78
Q

What are 2 names for the 1890s

A

The yellow 90s and the fin de siecle

79
Q

Before he meets Harker, what does Seward expect Harker to be an example of?

A

Muscular Christianity - he instead finds a ‘quiet, business-like gentleman’

80
Q

What does a post-colonial reading see as implied from Dracula being the ‘Other’?

A

Also a ‘monster’

81
Q

When Harker finds purpose in working to destroy Dracula what is he filled with?

A

‘Volcanic energy’

82
Q

Give a quote showing Mina’s maternal nature

A

She has a ‘mother spirit’

83
Q

What animal does Dracula have at his command which links to the themes of Otherness, invasion, contamination?

A

Rats

84
Q

What two contrasting things is Renfield described as?

A

A ‘pet lunatic’ and ‘polished gentleman’

85
Q

Give a quote showing Mina presenting an idea of femininity as gender performativity

A

(Repressing emotion and putting a ‘bold face on’ is) ‘just one of the lessons that we poor women have to learn’

86
Q

What part of Dracula is Mina made to suck from?

A

His ‘bosom’ - in a subversion of the maternal

87
Q

Give a quote showing the sexualisation of Mina’s encounter with Dracula

A

‘I must suffocate or swallow some of the…’ (blood is a proxy for semen)

88
Q

Give a quote suggesting the count is amoral rather than immoral (from the scene with Mina and Dracula)

A

The scene looked like ‘a child forcing a kitten’s nose into a saucer of milk’ (suggesting the Count is like a child - amoral - rather than immoral)

89
Q

Give a quote about Dracula subverting holy communion (he is describing mina in this quote)

A

‘My bountiful wine press’ - he is calling her blood wine

90
Q

What does Mina have on her forehead after she is touched with a wafer?

A

A mark - a mark of Cain?

91
Q

Give a quote about Mina being attracted to Dracula

A

‘I did not want to hinder him’

92
Q

What does Dracula call Mina that links to a Bible verse?

A

‘Flesh of my flesh’

93
Q

Give a quote about Mina considering herself corrupted by Dracula

A

‘Unclean, unclean! I must touch him or kiss him [Harker] no more’this could be a microcosm for the relationship between men and women Mina represents the fact that women have a capacity for corruption which makes them the ‘worst enemy’ of men

94
Q

Mad characters in the gothic often possess what

A

‘Forbidden knowledge’

95
Q

Angela carter has read ___which means the story of __can be a context for the bloody chamber stories

A

Dracula

96
Q

Give the date of Jack the Ripper

A

1888

97
Q

Give an example of a penny dreadful in the 1890s

A

Varney the vampire

98
Q

When was the term psychoanalysis first used

A

1896

99
Q

When did Freud publish the interpretation of dreams

A

1899

100
Q

Give an example of hypnosis in gothic fiction (name, date and author of novel)

A

Trilby (1894) George du Maurier the villain Svengali uses hypnotism on Trilby to seduce her

101
Q

Give a quote showing Dracula as tapping into social Darwinist theories and anxieties about degeneracy within a species

A

He is going to be the ‘father’ of a ‘new order of beings’

102
Q

What kind of brain does Dracula have which links to his amorality

A

‘Child brain’

103
Q

Why are there so many anxieties about reverse colonisation at the time Dracula was written?

A

Queen Victoria is dying so the British empire has diminishing influence

104
Q

Give a quote about the weaponisation of religion

A

Seward feels the ‘mighty power’ of the crucifix and wafer in his hands’

105
Q

What two animals is Dracula compared to

A

‘Panther-like’ and ‘lion -like’

106
Q

Give a quote showing a Manichaean dichotomy between images of Lucy

A

‘True Lucy’ and ‘false Lucy’

107
Q

There are references to what two physiognomists in the text

A

Nordau and Lombroso

108
Q

Give a quote about Jonathan gaining masculinity by the end of the novel

A

‘Overawe’ ‘instinctively they cowered aside and let him pass’

109
Q

What does Dracula look like when dead?

A

‘Look of peace’

110
Q

What are the final two words of the book?

A

‘Gallant gentleman’

111
Q

What is mina described as in the epilogue?

A

‘A brave and gallant woman’

112
Q

Give a quote showing what the wafer does to Mina’s forehead?

A

‘Burned into the flesh’ like ‘white hot metal’

113
Q

Give a quote showing Dracula getting power over the men by controlling their weakness - women

A

‘Your girls that you love are mine already…my creatures, to do my bidding’

114
Q

What does mina call Dracula in sympathy with him?

A

‘Poor soul’

115
Q

Give a quote showing stoker using the popularity of fox hunting when describing the chase for Dracula

A

‘A pack of men following like dogs after a fox’

116
Q

Give a quote about vampirism being a contaminating disease

A

‘He have infect you’

117
Q

Give a quote showing the fight against Dracula being like a crusade

A

‘Knights of the cross’

118
Q

Give a quote showing a Marxist reading of Dracula showing the power of money

A

‘Money’ is making the quest to kill Dracula possible

119
Q

Give a quote showing vampirism subverting another Christian rite which isn’t communion

A

[Mina is tainted with a] ‘Vampire baptism’

120
Q

What disease is Mina compared to having due to her mark of Cain

A

She is described as a ‘leper’ - leprosy

121
Q

What type of pact is Harker willing to make if Mina is forced to become a vampire - give a quote to support this

A

A Faustian pact - he is prepared to become a vampire and sell his soul to be with mina - this is extremely transgressive
- ‘she shall not go into that unknown and terrible land alone’

122
Q

After the mark of Cain is cleared from Mina’s forehead - what is her forehead described as?

A

‘The snow is not more stainless than her forehead!’

123
Q

The epistolary style, at the time stoker was writing was ____

A

Having a resurgence in popularity

124
Q

The detective fiction elements in the story could be influenced by what character

A

Sherlock Holmes - in the deduction in the pursuit of Dracula

125
Q

The novel is an early ___type of novel due to its multiple narratives and use of different forms

A

Modernist

126
Q

Journals of Jonathan influenced by the journal of ___

A

Frankenstein

127
Q

Carter uses lots of postmodernist elements, give 3 examples of these

A

Fragmented narratives Metafiction Mixing high and low culture

128
Q

Give a literary context for carter to do with short story conventions

A

restricted time frame - focussed on single character, event, setting

129
Q

Give the nationality and religious disposition of stoker

A

Irish Protestant

130
Q

What does Dracula mean in Gaelic

A

‘Bad blood’

131
Q

Stoker worked as a ____

A

Journalist - leads to the journalistic style

132
Q

Carter had a ___due to some domestic violence - potentially influencing her views on marriage

A

Divorce

133
Q

What caused migration into the east of London in Victorian period

A

Pogroms

134
Q

A good literary context for carter is looking at how she manipulates the _____her stories are based on

A

Fairy tales (messing with your preconceptions about what is going to happen)

135
Q

By the 1970s (in terms of religion) society is more ___

A

Secular

136
Q

Carter is left/right wing

A

Left - rejection of aristocracy

137
Q

What does stoker call sex in an article he writes called the ‘censorship of fiction’

A

A ‘force of evil’

138
Q

What does stoker say about women and sexual impulses?

A

‘Women are the worst offenders in this form of breach of moral law’

AA* - English (19 decks)

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