Energy systems

Question 1

Describe how energy is provided for the repeated maximal contractions that occur during training for weight lifting

Answer 1

• ATP PC system
• Anaerobic
• PC broken down into P + C + Energy
• Energy+ P+ADP= ATP

Question 2

What are the main energy sources used by an athlete during a 400m sprint?

Answer 2

• Energy sources used are PC and glucose
• Lactic acid system
• Anaerobic
• Glycogen broken down into glucose
• Converted into pyretic acid and lactic acid as a by product
• Takes pace in the sarcoplasm

Question 3

Name the main energy system used in the 100m and explain how this system provides energy for the working muscles

Answer 3

-ATP PC system 
Coupled reaction 
-PC is stored in the muscles 
-PC is broken down into P+C+energy with enzyme Creatine kinase 
-Energy+P+ADP +ATP

Question 4

Explain how the majority of energy used during a marathon would be provided

Answer 4

• Aerobic system
• Anaerboic glycolysis- glycogen is roken town into glucose (PFK)
• Produces pyretic acid
• 2 ATP produced
• Fatty acids converted into acetyl co enzyme A (beta oxidisation ) and fed into the Kreb;s cycle
• 2ATP produced and carbo dioxide
• Hydrogen ions removed and fed into the electron transport chain
• Electron transport chain produces 34 ATP and H20

Question 5

Sprinters stop accelerating at 7-8 seconds into a 100m race, in terms of energy systems why does this occur?

Answer 5

-ATP is the principal energy source
-PC is required to resynthesises ATP
-As PC is used up, performance deteriorates
=Changes to lactic acid system which provides energy more slowly

Question 6

Explain the differing functions of the fast and the slow components of EPOC and how EPOC varies with intensity of exercise

Answer 6

Fast component- resynthesise muscle ATP and PC
-Resaturate myoglobin and haemoglobin

Stage 2-

• Remove lactic acid
• Replenish muscle and liver glycogen stores
• Maintain elevated heart and breathing rate
• Maintain elevated body temp
• Greater oxygen consumption with higher intensities
• EPOC is larger with higher intensity

Question 7

What causes the EPOC of the same performer to vary?

Answer 7

• Duration of exercise
• Intensity
• Getting fitter
• Warm down/cool down

Question 8

At the end of an 800m swim, the swimmer with be out of breath. Explain why this breathlessness occurs

Answer 8

• Due to EPOC
• Aerobic energy required
• Resaturation of myoglobin with oxygen
• Remove lactic acid