energy and metabolism pt.2 for quiz Flashcards
what is activation energy (Ea)?
the minimum energy required for a reaction
in what 4 ways can we control and affect enzymes?
- general environment - temperature and pH
- each enzyme has an optimal temp. which it can function
- each enzyme has an optimal pH which it can function
- chemicals influence the enzyme- the 2nd and 3rd structure
why is maintaining homeostasis so important?
because it could lead to breakdowns if not functioning right
2 main types if enzymes inhibitors, what are they ?
- competitive inhibitors
2. noncompetitive inhibitors
what do competitive inhibitors do?
they bind to the active sight of an enzyme, competing with the substrate
what do noncompetitive inhibitors do?
they bind to another part of an enzyme cause the enzyme to change shape or making the active sight less effective
why must a cell’s metabolic pathways be regulated?
because chemical chaos would result if they were not regulated
how does a cell tightly control the metabolic pathways?(2 ways)
- by switching on or off the genes that encode specific enzymes
- by regulating the activity of enzymes
what does allosteric regulation of enzymes do?
may either inhibit or stimulate on enzymes activity (turn it off or on and speed it up or down)
when does allosteric regulation occur? and which inhibition is it?
occurs when a regulatory molecule binds to a protein at once site and affects the protein’s function at another sight
this is noncompetitive inhibition
what are most allosterically regulated enzymes made from?
polypeptide subunits which is the quatinarty structure and has active and inactive forms
what stabilizes the active form of the enzyme?
the binding of an activator
what stabilizes the inactive form of the enzyme?
the binding of an inhibitor
what is feedback inhibition?
the end product of a metabolic pathway that shuts down the pathway
what does feedback inhibition prevent?
it prevents a cell from wasting chemical resources by synthesizing more product than is needed
