animal physiology (Gas exchange) challenge #3

Question 1

why do all animals need to exchange gases with the environment?

Answer 1

because of cellular respiration

glucose and oxygen

Question 2

what gas needs to be brought into the body and what gas needs to be expelled?

Answer 2

brought in- carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

expelled- carbon dioxide

Question 3

what is vital to gas exchange?

Answer 3

respiratory surface

Question 4

what is respiratory surface?

Answer 4

a surface allowing for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 5

different media (land and water) contain varying amounts of oxygen, about how much does each contain?

Answer 5

air contains roughly 20%
-a lot of oxygen available to us!
water contains roughly 1%
- this limits how much gas is available

Question 6

how can the temperature in the media influence oxygen content of the media?

Answer 6

As temperatures increase the amount of oxygen present within the media decreases
Oxygen becomes less soluble

Question 7

what happens when temperatures increase from 0°C to 24°C (room temperature) (for both air and water)

Answer 7

Air loses roughly 8 mL of oxygen

Water loses roughly 4 mL of oxygen

Question 8

what is Viscosity?

Answer 8

the measurement of resistance to flow

Question 9

what is Low viscosity?

Answer 9

high flow, quick moving, thin

Question 10

what is High viscosity?

Answer 10

low flow, slow moving, dense

Question 11

is air a high or low viscosity?

Answer 11

low viscosity

Question 12

is water a high or low viscosity?

Answer 12

high viscosity

Question 13

what is the driving force behind gas exchange?

Answer 13

concentration gradients

the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration

Question 14

what is ventilation?

Answer 14

the movement of respiratory media over the respiratory surfaces

Question 15

what three things are needed for efficient gas exchange?

Answer 15

1. diffusion surface
2. ventilation
3. transport system