endocrine system Flashcards
(44 cards)
s/s of hypoglycemia
cold, sweaty, pale, weak, confusion
*can be confused for alcohol intoxication
s/s of hyperglycemia
thirsty, have to pee, hungry
types of insulin
rapid, short, intermediate, and long-acting
rapid acting insulin
e.g. Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine
onset: within 15 minutes
peak: 1-2 hours
duration: 3-6 hours
short acting insulin
e.g. Regular
onset: 30-60 min
peak: 2-4 hours
duration: 6-10 hours
intermediate acting
e.g. NPH
onset: 2-4 hours
peak: 4-8 hours
duration: 10-18 hours
long acting
e.g. Glargine, Detemir
onset: 1-2 hours
NO PEAK
duration: up to 24 hours
metabolic syndrome
cluster of diseases that increase pt risk for diabetes
obesity, high triglyceride level, low HDL, hypertension, or fasting blood sugar greater than 5.6
Addison’s disease
– cortisol
s/s of Addison’s disease
tired, weakness, weight loss
Addisonian Crisis
stress, infection, etc. can cause shock
nursing for Addison’s disease
5 S’s (salt + sugar + steroid replacement, support physiological function, search for cause), meds (glucocorticoid therapy)
Cushing’s disease
++ cortisol
s/s of Cushing’s disease
obesity, hirsutism/male features in females
nursing for Cushing’s disease
I/O, daily weights
type I DM
beta cells are destroyed by immune system
diabetic ketoacidosis
fats metabolized for energy –> ketones –> acidosis
BS: 14-28
s/s of diabetic ketoacidosis
Kussmaul’s
respiration/deep, fast breathing, ketones in urine, hyperglycemia
type II DM
resist to insulin
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome /HHNS
BS: >33
cause of HHNS
poor fluid intake
s/s of HHNS
thirsty, need to pee, no ketones in urine
nursing for HHNS
IV NS, when BS 250-300 mg/dL add dextrose
nursing for DKA
IV NS, when BS 250-300 mg/dL add dextrose
