Endocrine system Flashcards
one cell communicating with another cell through chemicals
Direct communication
cell communicating with several surrounding cells
when you have a virus, it alerts cells to protect it
Paracrine
secreting into the blood stream - in circulation for longer periods of times
-hormone will remain as long as it’s in circulation
ex: thyroid hormone effects the entire body
It will remain in secreting until the liver stops them or you excrete them through urine
Endocrine
fast and direct
synaptic / nervous system
protein based hormones
if protein it requires special communication system
amino acid derivatives
lipid based hormones
if lipid, it diffuse right through and no special transport method
ex: pot of water with oil - it floats
lipid derivatives
enzymes catalyze reactions so it stimulates the cell to do something
Beginning: G protein – energy source
AMP speeds up
activate enzymes
hormone tells cell to stop and reduce chemical reaction in our system
AMP reduces
*Enzymes are highly specific
reduced enzymes
Blood flows through 2 capillaries before returning to circulation
portal system
works on kidney to help you conserve sodium
Aldosterone
raises blood sugar
glucagon
forming new sugar – creates energy from non carbohydrate sources – can use lipid or proteins
gluconeogenesis
break down sugar – stored in liver and skeletal muscle
glucogenolysis
goes to anterior pituitary – promotes cortisol in adrenal glands – cortisol tells body tissue to used lipid/proteins and use glucose another time
ACTH
adreno corticotropic hormone
anterior pituitary to thyroid – tells to release thyroid hormone – enhances energy reactions
TSH
thyroid stimulating hormone
