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A&P 2 > Blood vessels > Flashcards

Blood vessels Flashcards

1
Q

carry blood away from the heart and branch repeatedly.

A

arteries

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2
Q

smallest branches of arteries

A

arterioles

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3
Q

exchange vessels for gasses, nutrients and waste

A

capillaries

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4
Q

smallest branches of veins

A

venules

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5
Q

return blood to heart

A

veins

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6
Q

innermost endothelial lining, some elastic Connective Tissue.

A

tunica intima

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7
Q

middle layer consists of sheets of smooth muscle, some collagen for strength, and more elastic CT.

A

tunica media

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8
Q

outer layer, more collagen and elastic CT. binds vessels to adjacent tissues.
CT to help bind and keep locked down and safe so it doesn’t get destroyed

A

tunica externa

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9
Q

In general the walls of arteries are thicker, contain more muscle, and more elastic CT.

Their thick walls help maintain a more circular shape as opposed to a flat distorted shape like veins.

Arteries also have better recoil ability after they have been stretched.

A

arteries

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10
Q

Veins contain valves to prevent backflow, arteries do not.
talking on medium size vein – due to little pressure. Pressure in vein doesn’t keep blood moving, artery does.
Valves keep blood from going backwards.

A

veins

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11
Q

large vessels up to one inch in diameter include:
Pulmonary trunk and arteries
Aorta, common carotid, subclavian, and common iliac arteries.

Can withstand high pressure and fluctuations in pressure.

tunica media has more elastic CT than smooth muscle

A

elastic arteries

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12
Q

aka medium sized arteries aka distribution arteries.

Most of the blood vessels of the arterial system are muscular.

The tunica media is mostly smooth muscle.

A

muscular arteries

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13
Q

aka resistance vessels are the smallest arteries.

They occur just prior to the capillary.

Thin vascular walls.

A

arterioles

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14
Q

when the pressure in the vessels exceeds the capacity of the elastic tissue a bulge develops.

wall of vessel weakens and bulges outward

A

aneurysm

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15
Q

are microscopic vessels that permit the exchange of gasses nutrients and wastes.

A

capillaries

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16
Q

the endothelium forms a complete lining. Diffusion of water and small solutes can occur but no blood cells or large proteins.

no gaps/holes between cells

A

continuous capillaries

17
Q

have huge gaps between the cells of the endothelium to allow for large substances to pass including plasma proteins.

A

sinusoid capillaries

18
Q

found in liver, spleen, and bone marrow

phagocytic cells can be found in lining

A

sinusoids

19
Q

contract and relax several times each minute regulating the flow of blood.

blood flow to each capillary is regulated by smooth muscle sphincter

A

precapillary sphincter

20
Q

joining of blood vessels

A

anastomosis

21
Q

formation of new blood vessels

A

angiogenesis

22
Q

The cycle of contraction and relaxation that changes blood flow through the capillary
Several factors control this including chemicals and dissolved gases in the interstitial fluid.

A

vasomotion

23
Q

collect blood from all tissues and organs and return it to the heart.

Blood pressure in itis significantly lower than arteries so the walls of it are much thinner.

A

veins

24
Q

collect blood from capillary beds and are smallest venous vessels

A

venules

25
Q

Medium sized veins are comparable in size to medium sized arteries but the vessel walls are different.

Large veins include the superior and inferior venae cavae.

Its important to remember the difference in construction of the vessel wall is primarily due to the differences in pressure.

A

veins

26
Q

blood is moved by pressure generated from heart contractions.

A

arterial system

27
Q

pressure is so low that blood flow cannot overcome the force of gravity

A

venous system

28
Q

To ensure one way flow of blood the tunica intima forms valves in medium sized veins.

A

venous valves

29
Q 
Aorta
Brachiocephalic trunk
Right common carotid
Right subclavian
Brachial 
Ulnar
Radial
Left common carotid
Left subclavian
A

arteries of chest and upper limb

30
Q

Common carotid splits into the internal and external carotid arteries.

Internal supplies the brain.

External supplies the face and head

A

arteries of neck and head

31
Q

The internal carotid arteries give rise to the circle of Willis.

Vertebral arteries merge to form the basilar artery which also contributes to the circle.

A

arteries of brain

32
Q

Celiac trunk gives rise to the gastric, splenic, and hepatic arteries.

Mesenteric

Renal

R&L common illiac

A

arteries of truink

33
Q

Femoral

Popliteal

A&P Tibial

Fibular

Dorsalis pedis

A

arteries of lower limbs

34
Q

Internal jugular drains the brain.

External jugular drains the face and head.

Vena cava

A

veins of head and neck

A&P 2 (10 decks)

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