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Physiology Exam 3 > Endocrine System 2 > Flashcards

Endocrine System 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A small gland connected to the hypothalamus by an infundulum

A

Pituitary gland

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2
Q

Derived from neural brain tissue

A

Posterior pituitary gland

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3
Q

Derived from ectodermal tissue in the roof of the embryonic mouth

A

Anterior pituitary gland

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4
Q

Connects to hypothalamus by hypophyseal tract

A

Posterior pituitary gland

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5
Q

What hormones are secreted by the Posterior Pituitary Gland?

A

Oxytocin & ADH

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6
Q

Where are Oxytocin & ADH made?

A

Hypothalamus

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7
Q

Connects to hypothalamus by hypophyseal portal blood vessels

A

Anterior pituitary gland

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8
Q

What hormones are made and secreted by the Anterior Pituitary Gland?

A

“FLAT PeG”: FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, Prolactin, GH

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9
Q

This hormone targets the kidneys, sweat glands & blood arterioles

A

ADH

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10
Q

This hormone causes the kidneys & sweat glands to conserve water to increase blood volume

A

ADH

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11
Q

This hormone causes vasoconstriction of arterioles to increase blood pressure

A

ADH

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12
Q

These hormones are polypeptides of 9 amino acids each

A

ADH & Oxytocin

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13
Q

This hormone targets the smooth muscles of the reproductive system of both sexes

A

Oxytocin

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14
Q

What are the 3 actions of Oxytocin?

A

Contraction during ejaculation, Uterine contractions, milk letdown

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15
Q

What hormones do somatotropes make & release?

A

hGH

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16
Q

What hormones do corticotropes make & release?

A

ACTH

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17
Q

What hormones do thyrotropes make & release?

A

TSH

18
Q

What hormones do lactotropes make & release?

A

Prolactin

19
Q

What hormones do gonadotropes make & release?

A

FSH & LH

20
Q

What hormone targets all cells, especially skeletal & muscle tissue?

A

hGH

21
Q

Which hormone directly stimulates stem cell division & differentiation?

A

hGH

22
Q

Somatomedins indirectly mediate this hormone by increasing cell division & differentiation?

A

hGH

23
Q

What is Pituitary Dwarfism caused by?

A

Hyposecretion of GH in children & adolescents

24
Q

What is Gigantism caused by?

A

Hypersecretion of GH in children & adolescents

25
Q

What is Acromegaly caused by?

A

Hypersecretion of GH in adults -> distorted facial feautures

26
Q

What hormone targets the mammary glands?

A

Prolactin

27
Q

What hormone stimulates milk production in the mammary glands along with other hormones?

A

Prolactin

28
Q

Which hormones target the ovaries & testes?

A

FSH & LH

29
Q

Which hormones control male & female reproductive physiology?

A

FSH & LH

30
Q

Which hormones targets the adrenal cortex?

A

ACTH

31
Q

Which hormone stimulates secretion of adrenal cortex hormones?

A

ACTH

32
Q

Which hormone targets the thyroid gland & stimulates secretion of thyroid hormones?

A

TSH

33
Q

Secretion of anterior pituitary hormones is stimulated by?

A

Releasing hormones from the hypothalamus through hypophyseal portal blood vessels

34
Q

Secretion of anterior pituitary hormones is suppressed by?

A

Inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus through hypophyseal portal blood vessels

35
Q

What are all hypothalamic & pituitary hormones controlled by?

A

Negative feedback from peripheral endocrine gland hormones

36
Q

This gland is located in the mediastinum superior to the heart and between the apexes of both lungs & undergoes involution after puberty (larger in children)

A

Thymus gland

37
Q

This gland secretes thymopoietin & thymosin hormones

A

Thymus gland

38
Q

These hormones regulate the regulation & development of T-lymphocytes

A

Thymopoietin & Thymosin

39
Q

This gland is located in the roof of the third ventricle and undergoes involution in adults (large in children)

A

Pineal gland

40
Q

This gland secretes serotonin by day and melatonin by night

A

Pineal gland

41
Q

This gland regulates animal seasonal breeding & human puberty time

A

Pineal gland

Physiology Exam 3 (8 decks)

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